Zoonotic Infections Flashcards
What is a human infection that naturally occurs in an insect or animal host called?
Zoonotic Pathogen
What are 6 familiar zoonotic pathogens?
1-Salmonella (reptiles, birds)
2-Shiga-like toxin E.Coli (farm animals)
3-Rabies
4-Lyme disease (borrelia burgdorferi, ticks)
5-Rock mountain spotted fever (Rickettsia rickettsi)
6-West nile virus (mosquito)
What are 4 emerging zoonotic infections?
1-Chikungunya virus
2-Zika virus
3-Cyclospora cayetanensis (coccidian protozoa)
4-Middle easter respiratory syndrome (MERS)
*1,2,4 are + strand ssRNA
What virus incubates 3-7 days, presents with high fever, joint pain, and more than 50% of cases result in long-lasting arthralgia?
Chikungunya
*Carried by aedes aegypti mosquito
What are two ways chikunguyna and zika are diagnosed?
1-IgM antibody detection
2-RT-PCR
Which viral disease presents with fever, rash, joint pain and conjunctivitis and is transmitted by mosquito, sex or congenital infection?
Zika
*carried by aedes mosquito like chikungunya
Which viral disease causes microcephaly birth defect?
Zika virus
*also linked to Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS)
What pathogen is a gastroinestinal protozoa that is passed fecal oral usually through imported produce, causes diarrhea and is detected by acid fast stain, autofluorescence and PCR?
Cyclospora cayetanensis
*not infective when shed
How do you treat Cyclospora?
Trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole (antibacterial)
Which pathogen is a respiratory coronavirus, found in the middle east that comes from bats and camels?
MERS (middle eastern respiratory syndrome)
*only detected through PCR due to dangers of culture
What are 3 other zoonotic pathogens that have no direct human-human transmission?
1-Avian influenza
2-Borrelia miyamotoi (tick borne)
3-Anaplasma and Ehrlichia (tick borne)
Which virus is a filovirus that typically has small outbreaks and in which patient body fluids are highly infectious?
Ebola
