UTI Flashcards
Bacterial infection of the bladder confined to lower urinary tract is called what?
Acute cystitis
Bacterial infection of upper urinary tract is called what?
Acute pyelonephritis
What are the 3 criteria for uncomplicated UTIs?
1-Not pregnant
2-Normal urinary anatomy
3-No co-morbidities
What are the 6 criteria that would make a patient a complicated UTI case?
1-Pregnant 2-Abnormal urological anatomy 3-Diabetes mellitus 4-Immune compromise 5-Indwelling bladder catheter 6-Male Gender
A healthy individual should have what kind of bacterial colonization?
None. Urine should be sterile in a healthy young person
85% of bacteria that cause UTIs are what?
Gram negative colonizers of GI tract
*ie. E. Coli, proteus mirabilis, klebsiella pneumoniae
Pili, flagella, adhesins, siderophores, toxins and polysaccharide coating on E. Coli are referred to as what?
Virulence factors
*allows it to be uropathogenic
Pain or burning with urination (dysuria), increased frequency and urgency of urination and suprapubic pain are symptoms suggesting what?
Cystitis
Fever/chills, flank pain, nausea/vomiting plus symptoms of cystitis could suggest what?
Pyelonephritis
What 3 things are necessary for a UTI diagnosis?
1-Symptoms
2-Urine culture of 10^5 CFU/mL
3-Evidence of urinary tract inflammation (WBC)
*Positive culture without symptoms is asymptomatic bacteriuria
Nitrofurantoin, Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and fosftomycin are all used to treat what?
Uncomplicated cystitis
Fluoroquinolones, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and B-lactams are all used to treat what?
Uncomplicated pyelonephritis
What are 4 situations in which you would treat asymptomatic bacteriuria with antibiotics?
1-Pregnant
2-Pre-urology procedure
3-Renal transplant
4-Neutropenic
How are the symptoms of a catheter associated UTI different?
- Usually lack typical UTI symptoms
- New fever with no other source
- CVA tenderness, flank pain, pelvic discomfort
