Upper Respiratory Infection

Question 1

What are the 5 main types of Upper Respiratory Infections?

Answer 1

1-Bronchitis
2-Otitis
3-Sinusitis
4-Pharyngitis
5-Epiglottitis

Question 2

What are the two main organisms that cause URIs?

Answer 2

• Rhinoviruses

- Coxsackie Virus A

Question 3

What is different about an influenza infection?

Answer 3

Go from fine to really sick the same day. Typical colds progress more slowly

Question 4

What are 3 characteristics of URIs?

Answer 4

1-Viral
2-Last 7-10 days (3 coming, 3 here, 3 going)
3-Labels for syndrome suggest major site of infection (but they do have a lot of overlap)

Question 5

Mostly caused by viruses which URI presents with Sore throat?

Answer 5

Pharyngitis

Question 6

What are the common bacterial causes of pharyngitis?

Answer 6

• Grp A strep
• Pertussis (whooping cough)
• Archanobacteria (more likely in young adults)
• Anaerobes (more important in relation to dental procedures)

Question 7

Sudden onset, Fever, Headache, Nausea, vomiting, pharyngeal inflammation, discrete exudate, tender cervical nodes in ages 5-15 are typical of pharyngitis caused by what?

Answer 7

Group A Strep

*Does not have cough, congestion, conjunctivitis

Question 8

84% of kids have at least 1 episode, 50% more than 4 of what infection mainly caused by virus?

Answer 8

Otitis (ear infections, ear ache 60% with no fever)

Question 9

What three bacteria are the most common cause of bacterial Otitis?

Answer 9

1-Streptococcus Pneumoniae (G+)
2-Haemophilus Influenza (G-)
3-Moraxella (G-)

Question 10

More common in adults, what infection presents with facial pain, headache, and upper teeth pain?

Answer 10

Sinusitis (also caused by Strep pneu. H. flu and Moraxella)

Question 11

Caused by Haemophilis influenza which infection presents with dysphagia, drooling, and stridor (obstructive breathing)?

Answer 11

Epiglottitis (very dangerous in kids under 1 year old. Lateral neck x-ray used to confirm inflamed epiglotis)

Question 12

What two tests are typically used when diagnosing URIs?

Answer 12

• Throat culture (90-95% sensitivity)
• Rapid test (80-90% sensitivity)

*aspirate used for complicated cases

Question 13

What two URIs are the ones treated?

Answer 13

• Group A strep (penicillin)
• Epiglottitis (Ampicillin or augmentin)

*others not treated unless complicated or in immunosuppressed patient

Question 14

Studies have showed what in regards to antibiotics for treating URIs like sinusitis and bronchitis?

Answer 14

No real difference