Inflammation and Healing

Question 1

An “it is” means that the condition is associated with what?

Answer 1

Inflammation

Question 2

What are 3 kinds of inflammation?

Answer 2

1-Acute (minutes to days, neutrophils, mast cells)
2-Chronic (1 day or more, lymphocytes)
3-Granulomatous (Aggregates of epithelia histiocytes, giant cells, lymphocytes)

Question 3

What are the 5 clinical signs of inflammation?

Answer 3

1-Rubor
2-Tumor
3-Calor
4-Dolor
5-Loss of function

Question 4

PgE2, Bradykinin, cytokines and substances P are partly responsible for what sign of inflammation?

Answer 4

Pain (dolor)

Question 5

What are 5 laboratory signs of inflammation?

Answer 5

1-Leukocytosis with neutrophilia (acute) or lymphocytosis (chronic)
2-Eosinophilia (parasites, autoimmune, asthma)
3-Increased sedimentation rate
4-C-reactive protein
5-Procalcitonin

Question 6

What are the 3 main cells in acute inflammation?

Answer 6

1-Mast cells
2-Neutrophils
3-Endothelium

Question 7

Which cells are activated by trauma, involve IgE cross linking, kill through degranulation mechanisms?

Answer 7

Mast cells

Question 8

Which cells are recruited to inflamed sites, phagocytose bacteria and toxins and form extracellular traps?

Answer 8

Neutrophils

Question 9

What are 4 cells that are typical of chronic inflammation?

Answer 9

1-Lymphocytes
2-Macrophages
3-Sometimes eosinophils
4-Fibroblasts for tissue repair

Question 10

Also called histiocytes, which cells are the major phagocytic and antigen presenting cell type and may rest in different organs?

Answer 10

Marcophages

Question 11

What is the name of particles that are long and needle shaped and can have a brown beading coat that are too big for macrophages to ingest?

Answer 11

Asbestos

Question 12

What are the two major lymphocyte cells?

Answer 12

B and T cells

Question 13

What is the scar tissue strength after 1 week vs at 3 months?

Answer 13

1 week: 10% strength of normal

3 weeks: 70-80% (stays around this strength)

Question 14

What are 3 problems in tissue repair?

Answer 14

1-process is slow
2-too much (hypertrophic scars, keloid, desmoid/fibromatosis)
3-To little (especially with steroids, may result in dehiscence)