Autoimmune Diseases

Question 1

Autoimmune diseases are loss of tolerance leading to what 3 types of hypersensitivity reactions?

Answer 1

Type II (cell-surface antigens)
Type III (Immune complex
Type IV (Delayed T-cell mediated)

Question 2

Contraction of a coxsackie virus in someone who is HLA DQ2 or HLA DQ8 can lead to what?

Answer 2

Type I diabetes

*associated infections can cause autoimmunity

Question 3

HLA subtypes play what role in Autoimmunity?

Answer 3

Are associated with susceptibility in 50% of ADs. Most frequently implicated with Class II alleles.

*CD4 T cells closely tied to AD

Question 4

IgG or IgM interacting with cell surface proteins as an agonist of antagonist as well as opsonization is typical of what type of Autoimmune disease?

Answer 4

Type II

Question 5

What causes rheumatic fever?

Answer 5

Molecular mimicry to that of humans causing an antibody response that can recognize self

Question 6

Antibodies that function as TSH agonists through a CD4 Th2 response and results in excessive thyroid hormone release is called what?

Answer 6

Graves disease (Type II AD)

*Buggy eyes. Can be transferred to baby in the womb

Question 7

Destruction of normal thyroid tissue through a CD4 Th1 response result in ectopic lymphoid tissue and hypothyroidism is called what?

Answer 7

Hashimoto’s disease (Type II AD)

Question 8

Progressive destruction of exocrine glands with formation of periductual, germinal center-like aggregates is characteristic of what disease?

Answer 8

Sjogrens syndrome (Type II)

Question 9

Which type of AD is IgG mediates, involves immune complexes and of which rheumatic diseases are characteristic?

Answer 9

Type III autoimmune diseases

Question 10

Which AD is characterized by widespread self-antigen targeting and complex deposition, Rashes due to deposits in the blood, kidneys and joints?

Answer 10

Sytemic Lupus Erythematosis (Type III)

*Often early signs of lesions on the palate.

Question 11

What does SLE cause?

Answer 11

Intermolecular epitope spreading

Question 12

Mediated by CD4 and CD8 T cells with contact hypersensitivity is what type of AD?

Answer 12

Type IV DTH autoimmunity

*Thymic involution increases AD incidence. Celiac disease is an example

Question 13

HLA DR3/4 is linked to what autoimmunity disease?

Answer 13

Type I diabetes (Type IV)

*CD4 and CD8 kill B cells.

Question 14

What are 4 examples of diseases mediated by antibodies against cell surface receptors?

Answer 14

1-Grave’s disease
2-Myasthenia gravis
3-Insulin-resistant diabetes
4-Hypoglycemia