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micro post midterm > Zoonoses IV > Flashcards

Zoonoses IV Flashcards

1
Q

genome of arena virus

A
  • ssRNA with two segments with one being ambisense
  • ambisense means that part of it is positive sense and parts are negative sense – it codes for RNA dependent RNA polymerase
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2
Q

how does arena virus spread

A

through rat feces and urine

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3
Q

diseases that fall under arenavirus

A

Lassa fever and Venezuelan Hemorrhagic Fever

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4
Q

animal associated with Lassa Fever and how it is transmitted

A

African Bush rat

urine from rat

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5
Q

what happens to those infected with Lassa Fever

A

most of them are asymptomatic while about 15% mortality in hospitalized cases

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6
Q

how do you diagnose Lassa Fever

A

blood and CSF

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7
Q

virus and reservoir of Venezuelan Hemorrhagic Fever

A

Guanaritovirus

cane and cotton rats

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8
Q

genome of bunyavirus

A

-ssRNA

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9
Q

pathogenesis of bunyavirus

A

plasma and RBCs leak through vascular epithelium

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10
Q

diseases associated with Bunyavirus

A

Korean Hemorrhagic Fever

Congo Crimean Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF)

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11
Q

virus and reservoir associated with Korean Hemorrhagic Fever

A

Hantaan virus

rats or deer mouse

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12
Q

virus and reservoir of Congo Crimean Hemorrhagic Fever

A

niarovirus

wild mouse, hare, squirrels and hedgehog

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13
Q

vector for Congo Crimean Hemorrhagic Fever and animal associated with the vector

A

hyalomma tick

sheep

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14
Q

symptoms of Congo Crimean Hemorrhagic Fever

A

2 peak fever

  • 1st phase: high fever and last for about 12 days; hemorrhages during day 3-7 which at the time fever comes down
  • 2nd phase: after hemorrhages, fever returns again
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15
Q

genome of flavivirus

A

+ssRNA

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16
Q

epidemiology of flavivirus

A

arbovirus (except for Hep C)

all flavivirus are serologically related so if you build immunity against one you build immunity against the others

17
Q

diseases associated with flavivirus

A

dengue and yellow fever

18
Q

transmission of dengue

A

day biting mosquitoes

19
Q

symptoms of dengue and how this condition is diagnosed

A

clinically diagnosed

fever, rash, hemorrhagic shock syndrome

20
Q

how do you treat dengue

A

supportive treatment and admit to hospitals if platelets drop

21
Q

pathogenesis of dengue

A
  • infect macrophages
  • cell damage by cell mediators
  • tissue destruction by T cell
  • shock syndrome: if infected by with another serotype shortly after 1st infection due to antibody enhancing infection
22
Q

reservoir and transmission of yellow fever

A

monkeys

mosquitoes

23
Q

genome of filovirus and its epidemiology

A

“-ssRNA”

mortality ranges from 20% to 90%

24
Q

diseases associated with filovirus

A

Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola Virus Disease, and Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever

25
Q

what in filovirus replication makes the diseases it is associated with complicated

A

RNA polymerase of Marburg and Ebola stutter/add extra nucleotides/edit nucleotides at specific locations thereby creating new proteins

these protein created by the glycoprotein editing site is associated with virulence in animals

26
Q

importance of Isoxazole derivates in filovirus replication

A

they block filovirus in cell culture by inactivating Neimmann Pick C1 (NPC1) protein

27
Q

incubation period of Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever vs. incubation period in Ebola

A

Marburg is 14 days

Ebola Virus Disease is 2 - 21 days

28
Q

what in the pathogenesis of ebola hemorrhagic fever makes it so lethal

A

glycoprotein peplomers cause destruction of endothelium of blood vessels leading to massive hemorrhage

29
Q

main strain of ebola hemorrhagic fever recognized

A

one in Zaire with 90% (Sudan with 50% is next closest)

30
Q

symptoms of ebola virus disease

A

sudden febrile illness, vascular collapse, internal bleeding, and death

31
Q

agent of babesiosis frequently identified in the US

A

b. microti

32
Q

babesiosis is most severe in what type of patients

A

immunocompromised, splenectomized, elderly

33
Q

what is babesiosis caused by and what does it do

A

caused by microscopic parasites that infected red blood cells and are spread by certain ticks

34
Q

how do you prevent babesiosis

A

prevent exposure to ticks

though if you get it, it is asymptomatic

35
Q

what is babesiosis spread by

A

ixodes scapularis tick

micro post midterm (31 decks)

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