Zoonoses II Flashcards
infective form of schistosoma
cercaria
respiration done by adult worms in schistosoma
anaerobic
clinical symptoms of acute infection with schistosoma mansoni and japonicum
katayama disease - rash, fever, myalgia
eosinophilia with hepatosplenomegaly
clinical symptoms of chronic infection with schistosoma mansoni and japonicum
eggs lodged in blood vessels of liver –> diarrhea, constipation, chronic inflammation, liver fibrosis
pathogenesis of schistosoma mansoni and japonicum
proteinases, collagenases, elastases
blockage of internal organs
how does the schistosoma avoid the immune system
concealment of antigenic sites and molecular mimicry
most common symptom of hookworms (ancyclostoma duodenale and necator americanus)
iron deficiency anemia followed by cardiac complications
infective form of hookworms (anyclostoma duodenale and necator americanus)
filariform - L3 larvae
immunopathogenesis of anyclostoma duodenale and necator americanus aka hookworms
protein losing enteropathies
type I autoimmune diseases
infective stage of strongyloides stercoralis
filariform - L3 larvae or autoinfection with perianal skin or GIT mucosa
manifestation of stronglyloide stercoralis
urticarial rash around thighs and buttocks (type I)
pulmonary symptoms
larva currens
blood eosinophilia
disseminated strongyloidiasis in immunosuppressed
pathogen in pasteurellosis and its characteristics
pasteurella multocida
gram neg short rods/short bacilli
oxidase positive
grows on enriched media like blood agar but not media selective for gram negs
what is pasteurellosis sensitive to
penicillin
how does one get infected with pasteurellosis
bite by dogs or scratch (sometimes human bite)
clinical syndrome and diagnosis of pasteurellosis
cellulitis
diagnose with culture from aspirated pus
pathogen in cat scratch disease and its characteristics
bartonella henselae
gram neg and facultative intracellular
symptoms of cat scratch disease
fever and regional lymphadenopathy (head, neck, axilla)
what does bartonella henselae cause in HIV patients
bacillary angiomatosis
diseases caused by bartonella quintana an bartonella bacilliformis
quintana - trench fever
bacilliformis - oroya fever
what is classified under ornithosis aka psittaci
chlamydophilia
two forms of chlamydophilia psittaci and its function
elementary bodies - infective form and is metabolically inactive
reticulate bodies - noninfectious form and is metabolically active
characteristics of chlamydophilia
no peptidoglycan in cell wall
contains lipopolysaccharide (it is gram neg intracellular)
major outer membrane protein (MOMP)
outer membrane protein (OMP)
how does chlamydophilia replicate
- elementary bodies attach to microvilli and penetrate into the cell
- intact elementary bodies outer membrane inhibits fusion to lysosomes so no killing of chlamydia
- EB reorganizes and becomes large metabolically active RBs
- RBs then divide into smaller EBs rupturing the host cell
how does one get chlamydophilia psittaci
inhalation of excreta, urine, or respiratory droplets from birds
pulmonary symptoms of chlamydophilia psitacci aka parrot fever
non productive cough and consolidation
pathogen in yersiniosis and its characteristics
yersinia pestis gram negative glucose fermenter polysaccharide capsule oxidase negative
hosts for yersiniosis
rodents — they tend to get lymphohematogenous infection
vector for yersiniosis
xenophylla cheopis which is rat flea
how does one get exposed to yersiniosis
flea bite by the xenophylla cheopis
inhalation of droplets
what do each form of the yersiniosis exposure lead to
flea bite - infected lymph node swells giving a bubo and then can progress to bacteremia
inhalation - pneumonic plague
what does not work against the pneumonic plague
inactivated vaccine
incubation of yersiniosis
bubo - 4 to 7 days
pneumonic - 18 to 36 hours
what occurs if person gets the pneumonic form of yersiniosis
they get violent and fulminating bacterial pneumonia which is usually fatal
those with descendants who survived the plague have heightened resistance against what
HIV
if you are heterozygous for the gene that makes a defective CCR5 sequence, what benefit do you have
increased resistance against HIV
if you are homozygous for the gene that makes a defective CCR sequence, what is the benefit
immune against HIV
