Hepatitis III Flashcards
list the 5 larval stages observed between excretions of eggs of trematodes and formation of final larval stage
- miracidium
- sporocyst
- redia
- cercaria
- metacercaria
only way humans can be infected with trematodes
ingestion of metacercaria
how does one get infected with fasciola hepatica
ingestion of watercress infected by metacercaria
two species of leishmania that cause visceral leishmaniasis
l. donovani and l. infantum (chagasi)
the rest cause cutaneous leishmaniasis
what happens with persistent infection of visceral leishmaniasis (l. donovani and l. infantum)?
pigmented granulomatous areas of the skin develop called post kala-azar dermal leishmaniaiss
early and late symptoms of visceral leishmaniasis
early - irregular fever (atypical, double peak)
late - splenomegaly and hepatomegaly -> death
infective form of plasmodium
sporozoites
kidney damage is associated with plasmodium falciparum which results in what ?
black water fever
what is black water fever caused by
hemolysis of RBCs, marked hemoglobinuria, renal failure, tubular necrosis and death
infective form of entamoeba histolytica
cyst but turns into trophozoite which is the replicative form
clinical syndrome of entamoeba histolytica
bloody diarrhea with flask shaped ulcers - amoebic dysentery (intestinal)
invasive amoebic liver abscesses (ALA)
infectious agents involved in granulomatous hepatitis
coxiella burnetti, brucella, mycobacteria, histoplasma capsulatum
most common viral infection of the eye
adenovirus
structure of adenovirus
naked dsDNA that is icosahedral
where can adenovirus be isolated from in healthy individuals
nasopharynx, tonsil, intestinal tract
respiratory clinical symptoms of adenovirus
acute and chronic conjuctivitis, pharyngoconjuctivitis, hematuria
immunity against adenovirus
group specific CF antibodies
what do the different types of chlamydia trachomatis cause
A-C cause trachoma and blindness
D-K cause conjuctivitis
most common bacterial eye infection during birthing process
neisseria gonorrhea (ophthalmia neonaturum)
most common cause of cataracts in places with limited supply of water and the major route
neisseria catarrhalis
major route is contaminated hands
purulent infection of conjunctiva associated with
staph aureus and sometimes strep pneumonia and hemophilus influenza
people with poor contact lens practices can be infected with what
acanthamoeba
infective stage of acanthamoeba
cysts and trophozoite
clinical syndrome of acanthamoeba
acute and subacute granulomatous amoebic encephalitis
keratitis and corneal ulcers
most common viral agent of infection of testes and parotids
mumps
class of virus is mumps and describe its structure
paramyxovirus
-ssRNA that is enveloped and helical
major peplomeres on mumps
HA, NA, F
transmission of mumps
droplets and saliva
most common feature of mumps
parotitis with orchitis being the most common in adult males
prevention of mumps
vaccination with MMR
