Zoonoses III Flashcards
what is Q fever due to? and how is it transmitted?
Due to Coxiella Burnetti
inhalation
reservoirs of Q fever
sheep, cattle, goat
phases of coxiella burnetti
phase I: highly infectious with intact LPS
phase II: not infectious with truncated LPS
symptoms in acute phase of Q fever
fever, chills, headache, rash, pneumonia, hepatitis
symptoms in chronic phases of Q fever
most important is endocarditis
osteomyelitis, and encephalitis
how to diagnose Q fever
IgM peak at 4 to 6 weeks
virus in korean hemorrhagic fever
hantaan virus
animal associated with koran hemorrhagic fever
deer mouse (most important) and rat
what is the severe pulmonary syndrome in korean hemorrhagic fever called
sin nombre
manifestation of Korean Hemorrhagic fever
interstitial edema, respiratory failure, death
diagnosis of korean hemorrhagic fever
RT-PCR
species of toxocariasis and the associated animals
toxocara canis - dogs
toxocara cati - cats
how does one get toxocariasis
children typically who are exposed or ingest contaminated soil
clinical syndromes of toxocariasis
visceral toxocariasis - fever, coughing, enlarged liver, pneumonia
ocular toxocariasis - larvae travels to eye and causes inflammation and scarring of retina leading to irreversible vision loss that is uniocular
prevention of toxocariasis
- wash hands especially after playing outside
- kids stay away from contaminated sandboxes
- dispose of animal feces properly
how does one get toxoplasmosis
- eating undercooked meat
- exposure to cats
- drinking raw milk
how done one get immune to toxoplasmosis
getting infection then eventually building lifelong immunity via elevated IgG
population most at risk for toxoplasmosis
AIDS - chorioretinitis (seen in others as well)
pregnant women because it can cause hydrocephalus in baby via vertical transmission
how to diagnose toxoplasmosis
PCR
ixodes tick bite is associated with what disease
lyme disease and bebesiosis
organism in lyme disease
borriela burgdorferi
what must be avoided if one has lyme disease
red meat
why must one avoid red meat if they have lyme disease
lone star tick carries sugar called alpha gal (also found in red meat) and once bitten body builds antibodies against the sugar
so once someone someone eat red meat, there is an allergic reaction - Type I HS
when is the most infectious stage of deer tick and why
during spring or summer because during fall larvae requires blood meal to develop into a nymph in which they stay dormant all throughout the winter.
during spring or summer, nymphs need another blood meal to become adults
what in mammalian causes the activation of microorganism within the tick and what happens thereafter
the higher temp of mammalians activates the microorganism which then multiplies and penetrates the gut wall then spreads to the salivary gland of the tick
what is seen in the various stages of lyme disease
primary: ECM - erythema chronicum migrans
secondary: secondary annular skin lesions aka exanthems
tertiary: ACA and CNS symptoms
how does one see ricketsii
giemsa staining
common symptoms of rickettsial infections
severe retro orbital headaches
rash
fever
mode of transmission and reservoir of rickettsii ricketsii aka rocky mountains spotted fever
tick bite
dogs
symptoms of spotted fever and what happens if left untreated
centripetal spread of rash - starts at wrist and goes to trunk then back down to extremities including sole of feet and palms of hands
become fatal - DIC, vascular collapse, renal and heart failure
microorganism in scrub typhus and mode of transmission
orientia tsutsugamushi
mites
symptoms seen in scrub typhus
maculo papular rash that includes sole of feet and palms of hands, renal failure, hemorrhage, death
species of ehrlichiosis
e. canis and e. chafeensis
how is ehrlichiosis transmitted
brown dog tick
what is ehrlichiosis often confused with
rocky mountain spotted fever
specie of anaplasmosis and what transmits it
anaplasma phagocytophilum and it is tick borne
animal associated with viral hemorrhagic fever syndrome
rats
type of damage is seen in viral hemorrhagic fever syndrome
damage to vascular system
four families of virus associated with viral hemorrhagic fever syndrome
arena, bunya, flavi, filo
