Week 4 - wound care - infections Flashcards
what is an infection?
invasion and mulitplication of micrognaisms that are not normally preent in the body
what causes scabies?
microsopic mites that invade the skin - infestation leads to dry, scabbed rash and intense itching
treatment- creams and parasitic tablets
occurs in shared house/communal spaces
what causes lime disease?
lime borolosis- caused by bacteria, spread and caused by ticks- expanding area of redness called a bulsey rash appearing at the site of the tick bite
what is the definition of sepsis?
a life threatening organ dysfunction to a dysregulation host response to an infection - leads to shocj, multipule organ dysfunction and death
how is viral / bacterial pharyngitis differntiated?
viral - sore throat, read swallon tonsils, fever, fatiuge,
bacterial - sore throat, sore throat, red swallon tonsils, small circular red dots, white coated/grey/yellow puss tonsils, thick white coated tounge, swallon lymph nodes
what is a red flag in tonsilitis?
unable to mainan secreations
sniffing position
hot potato voice
pain or inability to swallow
what is a peritonsular absess? or Quinsy?
collection of fluid behing a tonsil
unilateral swelling, tonsil pussed forward, large bulding swelling behind tonsil, uvula deviated away from selling,
what is a retropharyngeal absess?
collection of fluid in the soft tissue in the neck above the trachea
sings- stiff neck, pain swallowing, stridor, sepsi, sniffing position, drooling
what is the treatment for a retropharyngeal absess?
drain and washout - IV antibiotics
no iv steriods
what is acute otitis media?
middle ear infection caused by bacteria or viruses - common in children seeking acute care
symptoms
fever, pain, hearing loss, middle ear filled with fluid, extremly fast onset, TM usually buldging yeloww or white colour
what does acute otitis media look like?
early stages - red, inflamation
progresses- puss, not clear, no cone of light
purelent infection- buldging and filled with puss
what is otitis externa?
swimmers ear- external infection leading to pain, swelling, servre pain, loss ofhearing, and discomfort
what is a red flag of an ear infection?
acute mastoiditis - medical emergency
sings- sevre swelling behind the ear, pain over masoid bone, hearing loss, dizzines, tinitus, fevers, altered mental state
what is an acute rhinosinusitis?
sinus infection
what is an acute bacterial rhinosinusitis?
2 or more of nasal blocking, conjestion/obstruction, nasal discharde usually bad smelling, facial pressure, reduction of smell
when would antibiotics be given for acute phinostocitis?
purelent discharge
more than 7 days symptoms
really high fevers
rebound infection within 2 weeks
what is croup?
acute inflamation of the trachea
response to viral infection- any virus
common in 6 months to 5 years
swelling of larynx and trachea- difficult breathing
normal - fever, runny nose, cough - seal like, course voice
what is the treatment for corup?
mild-moderate - steriod singular dose
Sevre- nebulised adranline repated after 30 minutes if no imporvemnts and neb steriod and oral/IMsteriods
what is acute epiglotitis?
red flag- medical emergency
infection of the epigoltis caused by viral infections
sings and symptoms - 4 ds Dysphasia, drooling, distress, dysphonia
what is an absys?
collection of pus under the skin
caused by bacteria
what are red flags for absyses?
large vessle mainlining
deep space
face and neck
perineal and perianal
immunosupprest paitents
systemeically unwell or septic
what is cellulitis?
soft tissue infection from bacteria on the skin
causes- break in the skin
sings- red, hot swallon skin, painful and tender, weeping, fevers, chills, nausea, fevers, chills nausea, lymphangitis, tender lymph nodes
what are the red flags for cellulitis?
systemically unwell
immunosuppresed
located on face-eyes or finger?hands
symptoms- rapid extension, subcutaneous gas, altered consious or sevre pain
what is necrotising fasciitis?
rare bacterial infection due to small break in the skin caused by Group A step
rapidily extends and is a medical emergency as surgical tissue removal is required or amputation
