Week 2 - C - Sexually Transmitted Infections Flashcards
The most common bacterial STI is: 1. Genital Warts 2. Gonorrhoea 3. Chlamydia 4. Herpes
3 - chlamydia
Q2.Profuse mucopurulent discharge from the penis and painful urination are more commonly symptoms of: 1. Herpes 2. HPV 3. Syphilis 4. Gonorrhoea
4 - Gonorrhoea
Q3.A chancre develops during which stage of syphilis. 1. Primary 2. Latent 3. Tertiary 4. Secondary
- Primary
Q4.Which of these infections can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease in women. 1. Syphilis 2. HPV 3. Chlamydia 4. HIV
3 - Chlamydia
Q5.This STI is known as the “great imitator” because its symptoms resemble those of other infections. 1. HIV 2. Syphilis 3. HPV 4. Gonorrhoea
2 - Syphilis
Q6.The vaccine for HPV is currently recommended in (HIV negative) females of which age: 1. 11-13 2. 40+ 3. 9 - 26 4. 25 - 35
- 11-13 year old females
What HPV strains does the HPV vaccine protect against? WHat is the HPV vaccine known as?
Protects against strains 6,11,16,18 Known as gardasil
Q7.Viral shedding is higher with which type of Genital Herpes simplex virus 1. Type 1 2. Type 2
- Viral shedding is more common in Type 2 herpes (HHV 2(human herpes virus 2))
What is the most commonly reported STI in clinics today?
Most commonly reported STI in clinics is chamydia trachomatis
Chamydia has a high asymptomatic rate What percentage of women are asymptomatic? What percentage of men are asymptomatic? What are the two most common symptoms of chalmydia if patient is symptomatic?
70% of women are asymptomatic 50% of men are asymptomatic If patient is symptomatic can have a watery discharge from the urethra and pain on urination In women also get intermenstrual or post coital bleeding
If chlamydia is left untreated , what can it cause?
If left untreated can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease - this is due to the chalmydia spreading to the womb, fallopian tubes and ovaries
What other STI is a big cause of PID? What can PID cause in realtion to pregnancy?
Gonorrhea In relation to pregnancy, infertility and ectopic pregnancy
What is the transmission pattern of chlamydia? What type of bacterium is it?
CT can be transmitted vaginally orally or anally It is a gram negative bacterium
Why does chalmydia not stain on gram staining? What age group is the highest incidence of chlamydia? What does incidence mean?
It does not stain well as it contains no peptidoglycan in the cell wall and therefore cannot retain the gram stain The highest incidence is at ages 20-40 years old Incidence means the number of new cases of a disease over the number at risk of having the disease
As stated, those with chlamydia have a risk of developing pelvic inflammatory disease What percentage of those with CT infection develop PID? As stated PID can cause etopic pregnancy and tubal factor infertility What percentgae are the risks fo both of these increased by if having PID?
9% of those with a chlamydia infection develop PID The risk of ectopic pregnancy increases ten fold in those with PID And PID carries a risk of 15-20% for tubal factor infertility
Why can PID lead to ectopic pregnancy or tubal factor infertility?
This is because pelvic inflammatory disease scars the tissue in the fallopian tubes (potenitally uterus and ovaries)
What are the symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease in men and women?
In women PID - pain around pelvis or lower abdomen, fever, heavy and painful periods, dysparenuia, vaginal discharge PID is confined to women as it is a disease of he uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries therefore men cannot have symptoms as they do not have these reproductive organs
Name more symptoms of CT in women and men? What is mucopurulent cervicitis a sign of? WHat is epididymo-orchitis?
Women - intermenstrual bleeding, post coital bleeding, lower abdominal pain and dysparaneuia Mucopurlent cervicitis - sign of pelvic inflammatory disease in women (can also be a sign of gonorrhea) Men Urethral discharge Epididymo orchitis - inflammation of epididymis and testis Proctitis
What is proctitis? What CT serovars can cause proctitis? What is the treatment of proctitis when cause by chlamydia?
Proctitis is inflammation of the lining of the rectum - can present with the continuous urge to defecate CT starins L1-L3 can cause this - lymphogranuloma venereum Treat with 3 weeks of doxcycline
Name some complications of chlamydia trachomatis (including neonate coomplications) What is the arthritis condition that can occur with chamydia or gonorrhea infection?
Pelvic inflammatory disease Tubal factor infertility and ectopic pregnacy Proctitis Neonates - conjunctivits and chamydophila pneumonaie Reiter;s artritis (reactive arthritis) - uveitis, urethrieits, arthriits (cant see, cant pee, cant climb a tree)
Young person diagnosed with bilateral conjunctiviits - diagnosis? What is the treatment of the bilateral conjunctiviits?
This is usually chamydial conjunctivitiis Treat with topical oxytetracycline
A rare complication of pelvic inflammatory disease due to chlamyida trachomatis involves liver capsule inflammation leading to the formation of adhesions between the parietal peritoneum and the liver WHat are these adhesions known as and what is this disease knwon as?
The adhesions are known as violin sting adhesions and this complication is known as Fitz-Hugh Curtiz syndrome
In fitz high curtiz syndrome, what is the appropritate treatment? (want coverage of both chlamydia and gonorrhea) What are the symptoms of this conditon and which gender is affected?
The major symptom and signs include an acute onset of right upper quadrant (RUQ) abdominal pain aggravated by breathing, coughing or laughing, which may be referred to the right shoulder. Sometimes can have a mucopurlent cervicitis Only affects women Want IM ceftriaxone and oral azithromycin - covers both
What area in scotland has the greatest rates of chlamydia? (both male and female)
Tayside
Chamydia serovars, what does each group of serovars cause Chamydia serovars A-C? Chlamydia serovars D-K? Chlamydia serovars L1-L3?
A-c - trachoma - eye infection D-K - genital infection (including PID) L1-L3 - lymphogranuloma venereum - complicated chlamydia trachomatis
Who is lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) mainly diagnosed in? What are the symptoms? What is the treatment?
Mainly diagnosed in men who have sex with men (MSM) Symptoms - rectal bleeding, pain and discharge Tx - 3 weeks of doxycycline
LGV infections have a high recurrence rate What percentage of those with LGV infections also have HIV?
67% also have a co HIV infection
When is chlamydia trachomatis tested for following exposure? How is it tested for? (male) and (both self adminsited and clinican for female) How long should patient not have voided urine for? What about MSM?
Tested for 14 days following exposure NAAT testing (nucleic acid amplifcication testing) - carrie dout by taking a vaulvovaginal swab (self adminsitered in females) or an endocervical swab (clinician using a speculum to open vagina) Take first void urine in males who are suspected with chlamydia trachomatis - patient should not have voided for at least one hour Add rectal swab in MSM if receptive anal intercourse
What is the preferred test for chlamydia in an asymptomatic female?
VVS (vulvovaginal swab) NAAT test would be the test of choice
What is the treatment for chlamydia?
Oral azithromycin 1G stat or Oral doxycycline 100mg BD for 7 days