Week 11 - Bowel Incontinence Flashcards

1
Q

What is bowel incontinence? (3)

A
  • involuntary passage of stool
  • ranges from an occasional leakage of stool while passing gas (flatus) to a complete loss os bowel control
  • lasting for over a month
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2
Q

When can bowel incontinence be associated with diarrhea?

A
  • When associated with forceful intestinal peristalsis
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3
Q

What percentage of older adults experience bowel incontinence?

A

50-70%

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4
Q

What is normal bowel elimination?

A
  • Passage of feces with no undue straining or feeling of incomplete evacuation or defecation
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5
Q

What do clinicians identify with impaired bowel elimination?

A

frequency

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6
Q

What do older adults identify with impaired bowel elimination? (3)

A
  • straining
  • sense of incomplete or ineffective defacation
  • hard or lumpy stool
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7
Q

What percentage of olde adults living in the community take laxatives?

A

30-50%

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8
Q

Is constipation an age related change?

A

no

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9
Q

Why can constipation lead to fecal impaction? (2)

A
  • fecal impaction is associated with fecal incontinence
  • need to prevent and treat constipation to prevent fecal impaction
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10
Q

What are the risk factors for constipation and fecal impaction? (4)

A
  • older adults with hypotonic colon function
  • immobility
  • cognitive impairment
  • constipation is a symptom
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11
Q

Why is constipation a symptom? (2)

A
  • Condition of many physiological and psychological conditions
  • common side effect of many medications
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12
Q

What are symptoms of constipation? (5)

A
  • incontinence
  • increased temp
  • poor appetite
  • unexplained falls
  • altered cognitive status may be the only symptoms in cognitively impaired or frail older adult
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13
Q

How can we recognize constipation?

A
  • frequency is not as common a complaint as straining and a feeling of incomplete evacuation
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14
Q

What are the symptoms of fecal impaction? (6)

A
  • Malaise
  • Urinary retention
  • Elevated temp
  • Incontinence of bowel or bladder or both
  • altered cognition
  • leakage of stool
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15
Q

What can straining cause?

A

Valsalva manoeuvre
- Transient ischemic attack or syncope

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