Unit 3 - Presbyopia. Glaucoma Flashcards
1
Q
How does presbyopia occur? (3)
A
- age-related loss of elasticity in the lens of the eye
- ARC in the ciliary body
- lens becomes stiffer, denser, and more opaque
2
Q
What does presbyopia cause? (3)
A
- leads to decreased ability in the eyes to change the shape of the lens to focus on near objects, like fine print
- decreased ability to adapt to light
- Colour vision affected by lens opaqueness, leading to seeing darker blues and white light more yellow
3
Q
Glaucoma is also an AR disease. What are the risk factors? (4)
A
- age
- genetic predisposition
- hypertension
- diabetes
4
Q
What occurs in the eye that leads to glaucoma? (3)
A
- build up of aqueous fluid (increased intraocular pressure) in the eyes
- it exerts pressure on and damages the optic nerve
- increase in IOP
5
Q
What is the assessment for glaucoma? (2)
A
- loss of peripheral vision
- can progress to blindness
6
Q
What are the 3 types of glaucoma?
A
- primary open-angle
- Normal tension glaucoma
- Acute closed-angle
7
Q
What is primary open-angle glaucoma? (2)
A
- more common
- symptoms occur gradually, increasing affecting peripheral vision
8
Q
What are the symptoms of primary open-angle glaucoma? (4)
A
- tired eyes
- headaches
- misty vision
- seeing halos
9
Q
What is normal tension glaucoma?
A
- IOP pressure is not high
10
Q
What is acute closed-angle glaucoma?
A
- medical emergency associated with severe eye pain, blurred vision, red eye, headache, nausea, vomiting, rapid rise in IOP
11
Q
How do you assess acute closed-angle glaucoma (or maybe all types)? (3)
A
- regular screening by eye specialist because of slow progression
- dilated-eye examination to check status of optic nerve and retina
- tonometry to measure IOP
12
Q
What is the nurse’s role in managing glaucoma? (3)
A
- adhering to medication regime as treatment halts the progression of the condition
- awareness of meds that can make glaucoma worse
- illumination, glare control magnification and colour contrast
