Vitamines en deficienties Flashcards

1
Q

PUFA

A

omega-3, 6 en 9 vetzuren

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2
Q

MUFA

A

oleic, palmitoleic

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3
Q

verzadigde vetzuren

A

palmitic, stearic, myristisc, lauric

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4
Q

Hoge prio vs minder hoge prio in voeding

A

omega 3: visolie, walnoten
omega 6: plantenolie
MUFA; olijfolie
verzadigd: dierlijk vet

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5
Q

functies voedingsvezel

A
  • volumevergroting voedsel door binding water en water-opgeloste voedingsstoffen > verlengt verzadigingsgevoel en verlaagt GI
  • binding galzure zouten > verlaagt LDL cholesterol
  • activering darmperistaltiek > bevordert stoelgang
  • buffering darm pH en bevordering darmflora > verlaagt risico colorectaal kanker
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6
Q

macromineralen

A

Mg, Ca, p, K, Na, Cl en zwavelionen

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7
Q

spoorelementen

A

Fe, F, I, Cu, Zn, Co, Mn, Cr, seleen ionen

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8
Q

thiamine

A

B1, thiaminepyrofosfaat is co-enzym; aldehyde groep transfer

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9
Q

riboflavine

A

B2, FAD is coenzym; electronenpaar transfer

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10
Q

niacin

A

B3, NAD+, NADP+; electronenpaar transfer

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11
Q

panthotenaat

A

B5, co enzym A (coA-SH); acylgroep transfer

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12
Q

pyridoxine

A

B6, pyridoxaalfosfaat co-enzym; aminogroep transfer

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13
Q

biotine

A

B8, biocytine coenzym; carboxylgroep transfer

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14
Q

foliumzuur

A

B11, tetrahydrofolaat coenzym; mono-C groep transfer

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15
Q

Vit b12

A

cobalamine coenzym; alkylgroep transfer

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16
Q

vit A

A

kan leiden tot verstoringen embryonale ontwikkeling

17
Q

Beriberi

A

B1 tekort, witte rijst dieet
- natte: primaire aantasting van het hart
- droge: zenuwen primair aangetast

18
Q

Wernicke-Korsakoff

A

veroorzaakt door alcoholisme > oogspierverlamming, desorientatie, geheugenproblemen, coma/dood

19
Q

Aangetast door B1 tekort

A
  • pyruvaat dehydrogenase: pyr > acetyl coA
  • alfa ketoglutaraatdehydrogenase: citroenzuurcyclus verstoord
  • vertakt alfa ketozuur dehydrogenase: aminozuur afbraak gestoord
  • transketolase: pentose-fosfaat shunt gestoord
  • acetylcholine synthese
20
Q

Afhankelijk van B6

A
  • transaminases: gluconeogenese en ureumcyclus zijn gestoord
  • fosforylase: glycogenolyse gestoord
21
Q

biotine en carboxylering reacties

A
  • pyruvaat carboxylase: gluconeogenese
  • acetyl-coA carboxylase: vetzuursynthese en vetzuuroxidatie
  • propionyl-coA carboxylase: gluconeogenese