Vasoactive Drugs - Ephedrine Flashcards
What is the typical IV push dose range for Ephedrine?
A) 1-5 mg
B) 5-10 mg
C) 10-20 mg
D) 20-50 mg
E) 50-100 mg
B) 5-10 mg
Ephedrine
o Dose Range: 5-10 mg push IV (up to 50 mg); not used for continuous IV
What is the final concentration of Ephedrine when 50 mg is diluted with 9 mL of normal saline?
A) 2 mg/mL
B) 5 mg/mL
C) 10 mg/mL
D) 20 mg/mL
E) 50 mg/mL
B) 5 mg/mL
Concentration: 50mg diluted with 9 mL for 5 mg/mL conc
Which of the following are true statements about Ephedrine dosing? (Select all that apply)
A) The typical IV push dose is 5-10 mg.
B) It is not used for continuous IV infusion.
C) The maximum dose per push can be as high as 50 mg.
D) It is contraindicated in the treatment of hypotension.
A) The typical IV push dose is 5-10 mg.
B) It is not used for continuous IV infusion.
What is the primary mechanism of action for Ephedrine?
A) Beta-blockade
B) Direct and indirect release of norepinephrine
C) Calcium channel blockade
D) Alpha-adrenergic antagonism
E) Inhibition of norepinephrine reuptake
B) Direct and indirect release of norepinephrine - sympathomimetic
What is the onset time for Ephedrine when administered intravenously?
A) 30 seconds
B) 1-2 minutes
C) 3-5 minutes
D) Immediate
E) 10 minutes
D) Immediate
What is the approximate half-life of Ephedrine?
A) 30 minutes
B) 1 hour
C) 2 hours
D) 3 hours
E) 6 hours
D) 3 hours
How long is the typical duration of action for Ephedrine?
A) 15 minutes
B) 30 minutes
C) 45 minutes
D) 60 minutes
E) 2 hours
D) 60 minutes
How is Ephedrine primarily metabolized in the body?
A) Deamination by monoamine oxidase (MAO) in the liver
B) Hepatic conjugation only
C) Renal excretion only
D) Deamination by monoamine oxidase (MAO) in the kidneys
E) Hepatic metabolism with minimal renal involvement
A) Deamination by monoamine oxidase (MAO) in the liver
Elimination: minimal deamination by MAO in liver and hepatic conjugation; excreted by kidneys
What is the primary route of excretion for Ephedrine?
A) Fecal excretion
B) Pulmonary excretion
C) Renal excretion
D) Biliary excretion
E) Intestinal absorption
C) Renal excretion
Action: alpha ++, beta1 +, beta2 +, CO ++, HR ++, Dysrhythmias ++,
Which of the following conditions is Ephedrine particularly used to treat?
A) Marked hyperglycemia
B) Hypotension from high spinal anesthesia or general endotracheal anesthesia (GETA)
C) Severe bradycardia
D) Acute respiratory distress
E) Chronic hypertension
In which of the following scenarios should Ephedrine be avoided?
A) In patients with diabetes mellitus
B) In patients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
C) In patients with hypertension
D) In patients undergoing routine surgical procedures
E) In patients with low blood pressure
B) In patients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
Which statement is accurate regarding Ephedrine’s effect on blood glucose levels?
A) It produces marked hyperglycemia.
B) It has no significant impact on blood glucose levels.
C) It decreases blood glucose levels.
D) It induces hypoglycemia in most patients.
E) It causes significant hyperglycemia in diabetic patients only.
B) It has no significant impact on blood glucose levels.
What is a precaution to consider regarding Ephedrine’s effectiveness?
A) Tachyphylaxis may occur after 50 mg.
B) Ephedrine works well in patients with depleted neuronal catecholamine stores.
C) Ephedrine should be used in place of other pressors after 50 mg.
D) Ephedrine is effective even in patients with absent catecholamine stores due to heart transplant.
A) Tachyphylaxis may occur after 50 mg
Precautions: Tachyphylaxis at 50 mgs (you’ll add another pressor by this time),
What precaution should be taken when treating hypotension with Ephedrine?
A) Overtreat hypotension to ensure adequate blood pressure.
B) Administer Ephedrine continuously without additional pressors.
C) Do not overtreat hypotension with Ephedrine.
D) Use Ephedrine as the sole treatment for hypotension without considering other options.
C) Do not overtreat hypotension with Ephedrine.
