Antibiotics - Gentamicin Flashcards
What drug class does Gentamicin belong to?
A) Penicillin
B) Aminoglycoside
C) Cephalosporin
D) Macrolide
E) Tetracycline
B) Aminoglycoside
What is the typical dose range of Gentamicin for adults?
A) 2 mg/kg (IBW)
B) 5 mg/kg (IBW)
C) 120 mg
D) 500 mg
E) 100 mg
B) 5 mg/kg (IBW)
-Adult: 5mg/kg (IBW) 120 mg seems to always be given though?
For pediatric patients, what is the dosing range of Gentamicin?
A) 1 mg/kg (IBW)
B) 2 mg/kg (IBW)
C) 2.5 mg/kg (IBW)
D) 5 mg/kg (IBW)
E) 10 mg/kg (IBW)
C) 2.5 mg/kg (IBW)
What is the maximum dose of Gentamicin per dose for pediatric patients?
A) 50 mg
B) 75 mg
C) 100 mg
D) 150 mg
E) 200 mg
C) 100 mg
Gentamicin is effective primarily against which type of bacteria?
A) Gram-positive bacteria
B) Gram-negative bacteria
C) Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria equally
D) Anaerobic bacteria
E) Fungi
B) Gram-negative bacteria
What is the primary mechanism of action of Gentamicin?
A) Inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis
B) Inhibition of protein synthesis
C) Disruption of nucleic acid synthesis
D) Alteration of membrane permeability
E) Inhibition of folic acid synthesis
B) Inhibition of protein synthesis
MOA: Gram (-); Inhibition of protein synthesis via 30s subunit of ribosome of bacteria; cause mRNA to misread
Which bacterial ribosomal subunit does Gentamicin target?
A) 50S subunit
B) 30S subunit
C) 70S subunit
D) 80S subunit
E) 60S subunit
B) 30S subunit
MOA: Gram (-); Inhibition of protein synthesis via 30s subunit of ribosome of bacteria; cause mRNA to misread
When should Gentamicin be administered relative to the surgical incision?
A) 15 minutes before incision
B) 30 minutes before incision
C) 1 hour before incision
D) After incision
E) At the end of the procedure
B) 30 minutes before incision
What is the dosing strategy for Gentamicin for a surgical procedure?
A) Redose every 4 hours
B) Redose every 6 hours
C) Single dose only
D) Redose every 2 hours
E) Redose every 8 hours
C) Single dose only
What is the typical half-life of Gentamicin?
A) 1-2 hours
B) 2-3 hours
C) 4-6 hours
D) 6-8 hours
E) 10-12 hours
B) 2-3 hours
Which of the following statements about the elimination of Gentamicin is true?
A) Gentamicin is extensively metabolized in the liver before excretion
B) Gentamicin is a polar compound that is not metabolized
C) Gentamicin is eliminated primarily through bile
D) Gentamicin undergoes significant metabolism before being excreted
E) Gentamicin is excreted unchanged in the urine
B) Gentamicin is a polar compound that is not metabolized
E) Gentamicin is excreted unchanged in the urine
Elimination: Polar compound excreted by kidneys without metabolism.
In which clinical scenario is Gentamicin typically used as an alternative regimen?
A) When Penicillin (PCN) allergy is present and Cefazolin cannot be administered
B) When the patient has a history of liver disease
C) When treating viral infections
D) As a first-line treatment for uncomplicated UTIs
E) For patients with diabetes mellitus only
A) When Penicillin (PCN) allergy is present and Cefazolin cannot be administered
When Gentamicin is used as an alternative regimen due to Penicillin allergy, it is usually administered in conjunction with which antibiotic?
A) Vancomycin
B) Clindamycin
C) Metronidazole
D) Amoxicillin
E) Tetracycline
B) Clindamycin
For what type of surgical procedure is Gentamicin often used in combination with Clindamycin as an alternative to Cefazolin?
A) Orthopedic surgery
B) Gastrointestinal surgery
C) C-section (Cesarean section)
D) Cardiothoracic surgery
E) Dermatologic surgery
C) C-section (Cesarean section)
Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of Gentamicin?
A) Hypersensitivity to Aminoglycosides
B) Recent history of upper respiratory infection
C) Known history of hypertension
D) Allergic reaction to Penicillin
E) Chronic fatigue syndrome
A) Hypersensitivity to Aminoglycosides
