Downers - Phentolamine (Regitine) Flashcards
What is the typical dose range of Phentolamine for adults when administered intravenously for (hypertension then extravasation)?
(Select all that apply)
A. 0.5-1 mg
B. 1-5 mg
C. 5-10 mg
D. 10-20 mg
B. 1-5 mg
What is the recommended intravenous dose range of Phentolamine for pediatric patients (for hypertension and extravasation)?
(Select all that apply)
A. 0.01-0.05 mg/kg
B. 0.05-0.1 mg/kg
C. 0.1-0.2 mg/kg
D. Maximum dose of 5 mg
B. 0.05-0.1 mg/kg
D. Maximum dose of 5 mg
What is the typical concentration of Phentolamine when prepared in normal saline (NS)?
(Select all that apply)
A. 1-2 mg in 10 mL NS
B. 5-10 mg in 10 mL NS
C. 10-20 mg in 10 mL NS
D. 5-10 mg in 5 mL NS
B. 5-10 mg in 10 mL NS
What is the primary mechanism of action (MOA) of Phentolamine?
(Select all that apply)
A. Beta blocker
B. Alpha blocker
C. Causes relaxation of vascular smooth muscle
D. Increases vascular smooth muscle tone
B. Alpha blocker
C. Causes relaxation of vascular smooth muscle
What is the typical onset time of Phentolamine when administered intravenously?
(Select all that apply)
A. 30 seconds
B. 1 minute
C. 2 minutes
D. 5 minutes
C. 2 minutes
How long does the effect of Phentolamine generally last?
(Select all that apply)
A. 5 minutes
B. 10 minutes
C. 15 minutes
D. 30 minutes
B. 10 minutes
Which of the following are known side effects of Phentolamine?
(Select all that apply)
A. Marked hypotension (HoTN)
B. Reflex tachycardia
C. Cerebrovascular spasm
D. Hyperglycemia
E. Diarrhea
F. Dysrhythmias
A. Marked hypotension (HoTN)
B. Reflex tachycardia
C. Cerebrovascular spasm
E. Diarrhea
F. Dysrhythmias
What is the half-life of Phentolamine?
(Select all that apply)
A. 5 minutes
B. 10 minutes
C. 19 minutes
D. 30 minutes
C. 19 minutes
What is known about the metabolism of Phentolamine?
(Select all that apply)
A. The metabolism of Phentolamine is well-defined and documented.
B. The exact metabolism pathway of Phentolamine is unknown.
C. Phentolamine is primarily metabolized in the liver.
D. Phentolamine is excreted in urine.
B. The exact metabolism pathway of Phentolamine is unknown.
D. Phentolamine is excreted in urine.
For which of the following conditions is Phentolamine commonly used?
(Select all that apply)
A. Hypertension caused by pheochromocytoma
B. Alpha-adrenergic extravasation
C. Acute asthma exacerbations
D. Hypoglycemia
A. Hypertension caused by pheochromocytoma
B. Alpha-adrenergic extravasation
Alpha-adrenergic extravasation is the accidental administration of a medication containing an alpha-adrenergic receptor agonist into surrounding tissue, which can cause local ischemia and necrosis.
Extravasation is different from infiltration, which is when a medication is accidentally administered outside of a vein but is not expected to cause tissue damage