Downers - Phentolamine (Regitine)

Question 1

What is the typical dose range of Phentolamine for adults when administered intravenously for (hypertension then extravasation)?

A. 0.5-1 mg
B. 1-5 mg
C. 5-10 mg
D. 10-20 mg

Answer 1

B. 1-5 mg

Question 2

What is the recommended intravenous dose range of Phentolamine for pediatric patients (for hypertension and extravasation)?
(Select all that apply)

A. 0.01-0.05 mg/kg
B. 0.05-0.1 mg/kg
C. 0.1-0.2 mg/kg
D. Maximum dose of 5 mg

Answer 2

B. 0.05-0.1 mg/kg
D. Maximum dose of 5 mg

Question 3

What is the typical concentration of Phentolamine when prepared in normal saline (NS)?

A. 1-2 mg in 10 mL NS
B. 5-10 mg in 10 mL NS
C. 10-20 mg in 10 mL NS
D. 5-10 mg in 5 mL NS

Answer 3

B. 5-10 mg in 10 mL NS

Question 4

What is the primary mechanism of action (MOA) of Phentolamine?
(Select 2)

A. Beta blocker
B. Alpha blocker
C. Causes relaxation of vascular smooth muscle
D. Increases vascular smooth muscle tone

Answer 4

B. Alpha blocker
C. Causes relaxation of vascular smooth muscle

Question 5

What is the typical onset time of Phentolamine when administered intravenously?

A. 30 seconds
B. 1 minute
C. 2 minutes
D. 5 minutes

Answer 5

C. 2 minutes

Question 6

How long does the effect of Phentolamine generally last?

A. 5 minutes
B. 10 minutes
C. 15 minutes
D. 30 minutes

Answer 6

B. 10 minutes

Question 7

Which of the following are known side effects of Phentolamine?
(Select all that apply)

A. Marked hypotension (HoTN)
B. Reflex tachycardia
C. Cerebrovascular spasm
D. Hyperglycemia
E. Diarrhea
F. Dysrhythmias

Answer 7

A. Marked hypotension (HoTN)
B. Reflex tachycardia
C. Cerebrovascular spasm
E. Diarrhea
F. Dysrhythmias

Question 7

What is the half-life of Phentolamine?

A. 5 minutes
B. 10 minutes
C. 19 minutes
D. 30 minutes

Answer 7

C. 19 minutes

Question 8

What is known about the metabolism of Phentolamine?
(Select all that apply)

A. The metabolism of Phentolamine is well-defined and documented.
B. The exact metabolism pathway of Phentolamine is unknown.
C. Phentolamine is primarily metabolized in the liver.
D. Phentolamine is excreted in urine.

Answer 8

B. The exact metabolism pathway of Phentolamine is unknown.

D. Phentolamine is excreted in urine.

Question 8

For which of the following conditions is Phentolamine commonly used?
(Select 2)

A. Hypertension caused by pheochromocytoma
B. Alpha-adrenergic extravasation
C. Acute asthma exacerbations
D. Hypoglycemia

Answer 8

A. Hypertension caused by pheochromocytoma
B. Alpha-adrenergic extravasation

Alpha-adrenergic extravasation is the accidental administration of a medication containing an alpha-adrenergic receptor agonist into surrounding tissue, which can cause local ischemia and necrosis.

Extravasation is different from infiltration, which is when a medication is accidentally administered outside of a vein but is not expected to cause tissue damage