Antiemetics - Dexamethasone (Decadron) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the recommended dose range of Dexamethasone (Decadron) for adult patients experiencing post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV)?

A) 2-4 mg

B) 4-8 mg

C) 8-12 mg

D) 10-15 mg

A

B) 4-8 mg

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2
Q

For the management of PONV in pediatric patients, which of the following are correct dose ranges for Dexamethasone (Decadron)? (Select 2)

A) 0.1 mg/kg

B) 0.25 mg/kg

C) 0.5 mg/kg

D) Maximum of 4 mg

A

B) 0.25 mg/kg
D) Maximum of 4 mg

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3
Q

Which dose of Dexamethasone (Decadron) is commonly used for managing cranies/backs; cerebral or spinal edema in patients?

A) 4 mg

B) 8 mg

C) 10 mg

D) 20 mg

A

C) 10 mg

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4
Q

Dexamethasone (Decadron) is used at which of the following doses for pediatric ENT procedures?

A) 4-8 mg

B) 8-12 mg

C) 12-16 mg

D) 16-20 mg

A

B) 8-12 mg

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5
Q

For the treatment of shock, what is the maximum dose of Dexamethasone (Decadron) that can be administered?

A) 10 mg

B) 20 mg

C) 30 mg

D) 40 mg

A

D) up to 40 mg

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6
Q

Which of the following doses are appropriate for the use of Dexamethasone (Decadron) in the management of airway edema during difficult intubations?

A) 2-4 mg

B) 4-12 mg

C) 8-12 mg

D) 12-16 mg

A

B) 4-12mg

Airway Edema: 4-12mg (ENT or difficult intubations)

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7
Q

How does a 4 mg dose of Dexamethasone (Decadron) compare to Droperidol in terms of dosage equivalency?

A) 4 mg Dexamethasone = 0.625 mg Droperidol

B) 4 mg Dexamethasone = 1 mg Droperidol

C) 4 mg Dexamethasone = 2 mg Droperidol

D) 4 mg Dexamethasone = 5 mg Droperidol

A

A) 4 mg Dexamethasone = 0.625 mg Droperidol

4mg Decadron
= 4mg Ondansetron (Zofran)
= 0.625 mg Droperidol

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8
Q

How does Dexamethasone (Decadron) control inflammation at the cellular level?

A) By inhibiting serotonin release

B) By controlling the rate of inflammatory modulator protein synthesis

C) By blocking calcium channels

D) By enhancing the release of neurotransmitters

A

Answer: B) By controlling the rate of inflammatory modulator protein synthesis

MOA: glucocorticoid steroid; controls rate of inflammatory modulator protein synthesis, suppresses migration of inflammatory cells, reverse capillary permeability

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9
Q

What is the concentration of Dexamethasone (Decadron) provided in the solution?

A) 2 mg/mL

B) 4 mg/mL

C) 6 mg/mL

D) 8 mg/mL

A

B) 4 mg/mL

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10
Q

Which statement best describes how Dexamethasone (Decadron) influences inflammatory response?

A) It enhances the migration of inflammatory cells to the site of injury.

B) It suppresses the migration of inflammatory cells and reverses capillary permeability.

C) It increases the synthesis of pro-inflammatory proteins.

D) It directly blocks the synthesis of neurotransmitters involved in inflammation.

A

Answer: B) It suppresses the migration of inflammatory cells and reverses capillary permeability.

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11
Q

What is the onset time of Dexamethasone (Decadron)?

A) 30 minutes

B) 1 hour

C) 2 hours

D) 4 hours

A

C) 2 hours

Tx Wes Reference:
10-30 min

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12
Q

When should Dexamethasone (Decadron) be administered during a surgical procedure?

A) Before induction

B) During induction

C) After induction

D) At the end of the procedure

A

Answer: C) After induction

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13
Q

What is the duration of efficacy for Dexamethasone (Decadron)?

A) 6 hours

B) 12 hours

C) 24 hours

D) 48 hours

A

Answer: C) 24 hours

Tx Wes Reference:
2-10 hr

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14
Q

1.

How is Dexamethasone (Decadron) primarily metabolized and excreted from the body?

A) Hepatic metabolism and renal excretion

B) Renal metabolism and fecal excretion

C) Hepatic metabolism and fecal excretion

D) Renal metabolism and urinary excretion

A

Answer: A) Hepatic metabolism and renal excretion

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15
Q

What is the elimination half-life of Dexamethasone (Decadron)?

A) 1 hour

B) 2 hours

C) 3 hours

D) 4 hours

A

Answer: C) 3 hours

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16
Q

What are the primary actions of Dexamethasone (Decadron)? (Select 3)

A) Anti-inflammatory

B) Immunosuppressant

C) Antiemetic

D) Analgesic

A

A) Anti-inflammatory,
B) Immunosuppressant,
C) Antiemetic

17
Q

For which of the following conditions is Dexamethasone (Decadron) used as a prophylactic measure in anesthesia? (Select all that apply)

A) Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV)

B) Allergic reactions

C) Pain management

D) Airway swelling

E) Difficult intubations

F) ENT cases

A

A) Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV)
B) Allergic reactions
D) Airway swelling
E) Difficult intubations
F) ENT cases

Anesthesia Indications: prophylaxis for PONV and allergic reactions, airway swelling, difficult intubations, and EENT cases

18
Q

In which types of surgeries is Dexamethasone (Decadron) specifically used to decrease cerebrospinal swelling?

A) Abdominal surgeries

B) Cranial surgeries

C) Spinal surgeries

D) Orthopedic surgeries

A

B) Cranial surgeries
C) Spinal surgeries

19
Q

In which situation might larger doses of Dexamethasone (Decadron) be utilized?

A) Managing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV)

B) Reducing cerebrospinal swelling in cranial and spinal surgeries

C) Treating shock

D) Enhancing sedation

A

C) Treating shock

20
Q

Which of the following is a potential side effect of Dexamethasone (Decadron)?

A) Perineal burning and itching

B) Headache

C) Dry mouth

D) Drowsiness

A

A) Perineal burning and itching