Antiemetics - Dexamethasone (Decadron)

Question 1

What is the recommended dose range of Dexamethasone (Decadron) for adult patients experiencing post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV)?

A) 2-4 mg

B) 4-8 mg

C) 8-12 mg

D) 10-15 mg

Answer 1

B) 4-8 mg

Question 2

For the management of PONV in pediatric patients, which of the following are correct dose ranges for Dexamethasone (Decadron)? (Select all that apply)

A) 0.1 mg/kg

B) 0.25 mg/kg

C) 0.5 mg/kg

D) Maximum of 4 mg

Answer 2

B) 0.25 mg/kg
D) Maximum of 4 mg

Question 3

Which dose of Dexamethasone (Decadron) is commonly used for managing cranies/backs; cerebral or spinal edema in patients?

A) 4 mg

B) 8 mg

C) 10 mg

D) 20 mg

Answer 3

C) 10 mg

Question 4

Dexamethasone (Decadron) is used at which of the following doses for pediatric ENT procedures?

A) 4-8 mg

B) 8-12 mg

C) 12-16 mg

D) 16-20 mg

Answer 4

B) 8-12 mg

Question 5

For the treatment of shock, what is the maximum dose of Dexamethasone (Decadron) that can be administered?

A) 10 mg

B) 20 mg

C) 30 mg

D) 40 mg

Answer 5

D) up to 40 mg

Question 6

Which of the following doses are appropriate for the use of Dexamethasone (Decadron) in the management of airway edema during difficult intubations?

A) 2-4 mg

B) 4-12 mg

C) 8-12 mg

D) 12-16 mg

Answer 6

B) 4-12mg

Airway Edema: 4-12mg (ENT or difficult intubations)

Question 7

How does a 4 mg dose of Dexamethasone (Decadron) compare to Droperidol in terms of dosage equivalency?

A) 4 mg Dexamethasone = 0.625 mg Droperidol

B) 4 mg Dexamethasone = 1 mg Droperidol

C) 4 mg Dexamethasone = 2 mg Droperidol

D) 4 mg Dexamethasone = 5 mg Droperidol

Answer 7

A) 4 mg Dexamethasone = 0.625 mg Droperidol

“4mg Decadron =
4mg Ondansetron (Zofran) =
0.625 mg Droperidol”

Question 8

How does Dexamethasone (Decadron) control inflammation at the cellular level?

A) By inhibiting serotonin release

B) By controlling the rate of inflammatory modulator protein synthesis

C) By blocking calcium channels

D) By enhancing the release of neurotransmitters

Answer 8

Answer: B) By controlling the rate of inflammatory modulator protein synthesis

MOA: glucocorticoid steroid; controls rate of inflammatory modulator protein synthesis, suppresses migration of inflammatory cells, reverse capillary permeability

Question 9

What is the concentration of Dexamethasone (Decadron) provided in the solution?

A) 2 mg/mL

B) 4 mg/mL

C) 6 mg/mL

D) 8 mg/mL

Answer 9

B) 4 mg/mL

Question 10

Which statement best describes how Dexamethasone (Decadron) influences inflammatory response?

A) It enhances the migration of inflammatory cells to the site of injury.

B) It suppresses the migration of inflammatory cells and reverses capillary permeability.

C) It increases the synthesis of pro-inflammatory proteins.

D) It directly blocks the synthesis of neurotransmitters involved in inflammation.

Answer 10

Answer: B) It suppresses the migration of inflammatory cells and reverses capillary permeability.

Question 11

What is the onset time of Dexamethasone (Decadron)?

A) 30 minutes

B) 1 hour

C) 2 hours

D) 4 hours

Answer 11

C) 2 hours

Question 12

When should Dexamethasone (Decadron) be administered during a surgical procedure?

A) Before induction

B) During induction

C) After induction

D) At the end of the procedure

Answer 12

Answer: C) After induction

Question 13

What is the duration of efficacy for Dexamethasone (Decadron)?

A) 6 hours

B) 12 hours

C) 24 hours

D) 48 hours

Answer 13

Answer: C) 24 hours

Question 14

1.

How is Dexamethasone (Decadron) primarily metabolized and excreted from the body?

A) Hepatic metabolism and renal excretion

B) Renal metabolism and fecal excretion

C) Hepatic metabolism and fecal excretion

D) Renal metabolism and urinary excretion

Answer 14

Answer: A) Hepatic metabolism and renal excretion

Question 15

What is the elimination half-life of Dexamethasone (Decadron)?

A) 1 hour

B) 2 hours

C) 3 hours

D) 4 hours

Answer 15

Answer: C) 3 hours

Question 16

What are the primary actions of Dexamethasone (Decadron)? (Select all that apply)

A) Anti-inflammatory

B) Immunosuppressant

C) Antiemetic

D) Analgesic

Answer 16

A) Anti-inflammatory,
B) Immunosuppressant,
C) Antiemetic

Question 18

For which of the following conditions is Dexamethasone (Decadron) used as a prophylactic measure in anesthesia? (Select all that apply)

A) Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV)

B) Allergic reactions

C) Pain management

D) Airway swelling

E) Difficult intubations

F) ENT cases

Answer 18

A) Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV)
B) Allergic reactions
D) Airway swelling
E) Difficult intubations
F) ENT cases

Anesthesia Indications: prophylaxis for PONV and allergic reactions, airway swelling, difficult intubations, and EENT cases

Question 19

In which types of surgeries is Dexamethasone (Decadron) specifically used to decrease cerebrospinal swelling?

A) Abdominal surgeries

B) Cranial surgeries

C) Spinal surgeries

D) Orthopedic surgeries

Answer 19

B) Cranial surgeries
C) Spinal surgeries

Question 20

In which situation might larger doses of Dexamethasone (Decadron) be utilized?

A) Managing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV)

B) Reducing cerebrospinal swelling in cranial and spinal surgeries

C) Treating shock

D) Enhancing sedation

Answer 20

C) Treating shock

Question 21

Which of the following is a potential side effect of Dexamethasone (Decadron)?

A) Perineal burning and itching

B) Headache

C) Dry mouth

D) Drowsiness

Answer 21

A) Perineal burning and itching