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A Baseline Pharma > Induction Agent - Propofol > Flashcards

Induction Agent - Propofol Flashcards

1
Q

What is the typical induction dose range of Propofol for adults?

A. 1-1.5 mg/kg

B. 2-2.5 mg/kg

C. 2.5-3.5 mg/kg

D. 3-4 mg/kg

A

B. 2-2.5 mg/kg

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2
Q

For pediatric patients, what is the recommended intravenous induction dose range of Propofol?

A. 1-2 mg/kg

B. 2-2.5 mg/kg

C. 2.5-3.5 mg/kg

D. 3.5-4.5 mg/kg

A

C. 2.5-3.5 mg/kg

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3
Q

What is the range of Propofol infusion doses for** sedation** in micrograms per kilogram per minute (mcg/kg/min)?

A. 10-50 mcg/kg/min

B. 15-60 mcg/kg/min

C. 25-75 mcg/kg/min

D. 50-100 mcg/kg/min

A

C. 25-75 mcg/kg/min

Tx Wes Reference:
25 - 100 µ/kg/min sedation
100 - 300 µ/kg/min TIVA

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4
Q

What is the infusion dose range for Propofol when used for general anesthesia (GA)?

A. 25-50 mcg/kg/min

B. 50-100 mcg/kg/min

C. 100-200 mcg/kg/min

D. 200-300 mcg/kg/min

A

C. 100-200 mcg/kg/min

Tx Wes Reference:
5 - 100 µ/kg/min sedation
100 - 300 µ/kg/min TIVA

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5
Q

What is the concentration of Propofol typically provided in its injectable form?

A. 1 mg/mL

B. 5 mg/mL

C. 10 mg/mL

D. 20 mg/mL

A

10 mg/mL

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6
Q

What is the primary mechanism of action (MOA) of Propofol?

A. NMDA receptor antagonist

B. GABAA receptor agonist

C. Dopamine receptor antagonist

D. Serotonin reuptake inhibitor

A

B. GABAA receptor agonist

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7
Q

How does Propofol’s activation of the GABAA receptor affect postsynaptic neurons?

A. Increases calcium conductance

B. Increases sodium conductance

C. Increases chloride conductance

D. Increases potassium conductance

A

C. Increases chloride conductance

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8
Q

What is the onset time of Propofol when administered intravenously?

A. 10 seconds

B. 30 seconds

C. 1-2 minutes

D. 3-5 minutes

A

B. 30 seconds

Tx Wes Reference:
30-60 sec

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9
Q

What is the typical duration of action for Propofol?

A. 1-3 minutes

B. 5-10 minutes

C. 15-20 minutes

D. 30 minutes

A

B. 5-10 minutes

Tx Wes Reference:
1-8 min

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10
Q

What causes Propofol’s rapid onset and short duration of action?

A. Rapid metabolism in the liver

B. Uptake into the brain and redistribution to fat/muscle

C. Renal excretion

D. Slow absorption into the bloodstream

A

B. Uptake into the brain and redistribution to fat/muscle

not d/t metabolism!

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11
Q

What is the effect of Propofol on chloride conductance in postsynaptic neurons?

A. It decreases chloride conductance

B. It increases chloride conductance

C. It has no effect on chloride conductance

D. It blocks chloride channels

A

B. It increases chloride conductance

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12
Q

What is the typical elimination half-life of Propofol?

A. 0.1-0.5 hours

B. 0.5-1.5 hours

C. 1-3 hours

D. 3-5 hours

A

B. 0.5-1.5 hours

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13
Q

What is the context-sensitive half-time of Propofol?

A. About 5 minutes for every 1 hour infused

B. About 10 minutes for every 1 hour infused

C. About 15 minutes for every 2 hours infused

D. About 30 minutes for every 2 hours infused

A

C. About 15 minutes for every 2 hours infused

Castillo:
Elimination half-time: 0.5 to 1.5 hours
Context-sensitive half-time: 40 minutes (8-hour infusions)

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14
Q

Which factor is the primary mechanism for Propofol’s clearance from plasma?

A. Renal excretion

B. Hepatic metabolism

C. Pulmonary uptake

D. Plasma protein binding

A

C. Pulmonary uptake

Clearance from plasma (pulmonary uptake) > hepatic blood flow (CYP)

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15
Q

How is Propofol eliminated from the body?

A. As active compounds via the liver

B. As inactive water-soluble compounds via the kidneys

C. Through unchanged excretion in the bile

D. Through biotransformation in the plasma

A

B. As inactive water-soluble compounds via the kidneys

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16
Q

What impact does renal or liver disease have on Propofol elimination?

A. It significantly prolongs the elimination half-life

B. It does not alter the elimination of Propofol

C. It enhances the clearance of Propofol

D. It changes Propofol to active metabolites

A

B. It does not alter the elimination of Propofol

17
Q

What percentage of Propofol is bound to plasma proteins?

A. 85%

B. 90%

C. 98%

D. 100%

A

C. 98%

18
Q

What is the primary action of Propofol when administered intravenously?

A. Analgesic

B. Anticonvulsant

C. Lipophilic Sedative-hypnotic and general anesthetic

D. Muscle relaxant

A

C. Lipophilic Sedative-hypnotic and general anesthetic

19
Q

Which of the following is a precaution associated with Propofol administration?

A. Increased blood pressure

B. Enhanced myocardial contractility

C. Pronounced decrease in systemic blood pressure and profound bradycardia

D. Increased renal function

A

C. Pronounced decrease in systemic blood pressure and profound bradycardia

20
Q

What is Propofol infusion syndrome and what does it lead to?

A. Inhibition of long-chain fatty acids from cellular entry, and having oxidative phosphorylation (aerobic resp) occur leading to metabolic acidosis, rhabdomyolysis, arrhythmias, and lipemia

B. Accumulation of short-chain fatty acids causing hyperglycemia

C. Enhancement of oxidative phosphorylation, leading to respiratory alkalosis

D. Increase in cellular fatty acid transport, leading to increased metabolic rate

A

A. Inhibition of long-chain fatty acids from cellular entry, and having oxidative phosphorylation (aerobic resp) occur leading to metabolic acidosis, rhabdomyolysis, arrhythmias, and lipemia

21
Q

What is a common issue associated with Propofol that causes pain on injection?

A. High pH

B. Low lipid solubility

C. Being an alkylphenol

D. High protein binding

A

C. Being an alkylphenol

22
Q

What is the main cause of allergic reactions to Propofol, and how does it relate to egg yolk lecithin allergies?

A. Allergic reactions are usually due to egg yolk lecithin, and it is unsafe for patients with such allergies

B. Allergic reactions are often due to sulfide preservatives, not egg yolk lecithin

C. Egg yolk lecithin is a common allergen, making Propofol unsafe for patients with these allergies

D. Allergic reactions are due to high protein content, unrelated to preservatives

A

B. Allergic reactions are often due to sulfide preservatives, not egg yolk lecithin

23
Q

How should Propofol be handled to prevent bacterial growth?

A. Store at room temperature and use within 12 hours

B. Discard the syringe after 6 hours

C. Refrigerate and use within 24 hours

D. Use only sterile equipment and discard after 24 hours

A

B. Discard the syringe after 6 hours

24
Q

What is the Black Box Warning associated with Propofol?

A. Risk of liver damage in patients with pre-existing conditions

B. Severe bradycardia in children and elderly patients

C. Risk of severe respiratory depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

D. High risk of drug interactions with antihypertensives

A

B. Severe bradycardia in children and elderly patients

25
Q

Which of the following is decreased by Propofol administration?

A. Cerebral blood flow (CBF)

B. Intracranial pressure (ICP)

C. Cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen (CMRO2)

D. IOP

E. CPP

F. All of the above

A

F. All of the above

26
Q

Which of the following EEG changes can be produced by Propofol?

A. Decreased burst suppression

B. Increased frequency of brain waves

C. Burst suppression

D. Increased amplitude of brain waves

A

C. Burst suppression

27
Q

How does Propofol affect the seizure threshold?

A. Lowers the seizure threshold

B. Has no effect on seizure threshold

C. Raises the seizure threshold

D. Causes seizures

A

C. Raises the seizure threshold

28
Q

Which of the following cardiovascular effects is commonly associated with Propofol administration?

A. Increased blood pressure and tachycardia

B. Pronounced decrease in blood pressure, vasodilation, bradycardia, and asystole

C. Minimal effect on blood pressure and heart rate

D. Increased systemic vascular resistance and hypertension

A

B. Pronounced decrease in blood pressure, vasodilation, bradycardia, and asystole

29
Q

What is a significant pulmonary side effect of Propofol?

A. Enhanced CO2 response

B. Increased respiratory rate

C. Potent respiratory depression, including apnea and decreased CO2 response

D. Minimal effect on respiratory function

A

C. Potent respiratory depression, including apnea and decreased CO2 response

30
Q

What is the effect of Propofol on bronchial airways?

A. Causes bronchoconstriction

B. Has no effect on bronchial airways

C. Causes bronchodilation

D. Increases bronchial secretions

A

C. Causes bronchodilation

31
Q

How does Propofol affect platelet aggregation?

A. Enhances platelet aggregation

B. Has no effect on platelet aggregation

C. Inhibits platelet aggregation

D. Causes platelet clumping

A

C. Inhibits platelet aggregation

32
Q

Which of the following effects of Propofol contributes to its use as an antiemetic?

A. Its ability to increase gastric motility

B. Its anti-pruritic effect

C. Its central nervous system effects, reducing nausea and vomiting

D. Its bronchodilator properties

A

C. Its central nervous system effects, reducing nausea and vomiting

Propofol, while not directly antidopaminergic, appears to exert its antiemetic effects through the stimulation of GABA receptors and a reduction in the secretion of serotonin

A Baseline Pharma (53 decks)

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