Uveitis Flashcards
What is the typical history associated with uveitis?
Eye pain, redness, photophobia, and blurred vision. History of autoimmune diseases, recent infections, or trauma. Symptoms may be acute or chronic.
What are the key physical examination findings in uveitis?
Ciliary flush, hypopyon, and keratic precipitates. Anterior chamber cells and flare visible on slit-lamp examination. Possible posterior synechiae.
What investigations are necessary for diagnosing uveitis?
Clinical diagnosis based on history and physical exam. Slit-lamp examination to assess inflammation. Blood tests and imaging to identify underlying causes.
What are the non-pharmacological management strategies for uveitis?
Rest and protection of the eyes from bright light. Use of dark glasses. Patient education on the importance of follow-up and adherence to treatment.
What are the pharmacological management options for uveitis?
Topical corticosteroids (e.g., prednisolone). Cycloplegic agents (e.g., atropine) to relieve pain and prevent synechiae. Immunosuppressive agents for severe or refractory cases.
What are the red flags to look for in uveitis patients?
Severe pain or vision changes. Persistent symptoms despite treatment. Signs of systemic infection or severe inflammation.
When should a patient with uveitis be referred to a specialist?
Refractory or severe uveitis not responding to initial treatment. Underlying systemic disease requiring specialized management. Need for advanced diagnostic testing.
What is one key piece of pathophysiology related to uveitis?
Inflammation of the uveal tract (iris, ciliary body, choroid). Can be caused by autoimmune disorders, infections, or trauma. Leads to eye pain, redness, and potential vision loss.
