Chalazion Flashcards
What is the typical history associated with chalazion?
Painless lump or swelling on the eyelid. Gradual onset. History of recurrent eyelid infections or previous chalazia.
What are the key physical examination findings in chalazion?
Firm, non-tender nodule on the eyelid. Typically located away from the lid margin. No signs of acute infection.
What investigations are necessary for diagnosing chalazion?
Clinical diagnosis based on history and physical exam. Biopsy if the lesion is atypical or does not respond to standard treatment.
What are the non-pharmacological management strategies for chalazion?
Warm compresses applied several times a day. Gentle massage of the eyelid. Good eyelid hygiene to prevent recurrence.
What are the pharmacological management options for chalazion?
Topical antibiotics if secondary infection is suspected. Intralesional corticosteroid injection for persistent lesions. Oral antibiotics in cases of associated blepharitis.
What are the red flags to look for in chalazion patients?
Rapid growth or changes in the lesion. Persistent symptoms despite standard treatment. Signs of malignancy such as ulceration or bleeding.
When should a patient with chalazion be referred to a specialist?
Refractory chalazion not responding to conservative management. Consideration for surgical intervention. Atypical presentation requiring further evaluation.
What is one key piece of pathophysiology related to chalazion?
Chronic granulomatous inflammation of the meibomian gland. Blockage of the gland leads to lipid retention and nodule formation. Usually non-infectious.
