Periorbital Cellulitis Flashcards
What is the typical history associated with periorbital cellulitis?
Recent history of upper respiratory infection, sinusitis, or local skin trauma. Acute onset of eyelid redness, swelling, and tenderness. Absence of visual disturbances.
What are the key physical examination findings in periorbital cellulitis?
Erythema and edema of the eyelids. Warmth and tenderness over the affected area. No proptosis, ophthalmoplegia, or decreased visual acuity.
What investigations are necessary for diagnosing periorbital cellulitis?
Clinical diagnosis based on history and physical exam. CT scan or MRI if orbital cellulitis is suspected. Blood cultures if systemic infection is suspected.
What are the non-pharmacological management strategies for periorbital cellulitis?
Warm compresses to reduce discomfort. Educate on the importance of completing the full course of antibiotics. Monitor for signs of worsening infection.
What are the pharmacological management options for periorbital cellulitis?
Oral antibiotics (e.g., amoxicillin-clavulanate). Intravenous antibiotics for severe cases or if there is concern for orbital cellulitis. Analgesics for pain management.
What are the red flags to look for in periorbital cellulitis patients?
Signs of orbital cellulitis: proptosis, ophthalmoplegia, decreased visual acuity. Systemic symptoms: fever, malaise. Lack of improvement with initial antibiotic therapy.
When should a patient with periorbital cellulitis be referred to a specialist?
Suspected orbital cellulitis or abscess. Severe or refractory periorbital cellulitis not responding to treatment. Need for surgical intervention or further evaluation.
What is one key piece of pathophysiology related to periorbital cellulitis?
Bacterial infection of the eyelid and surrounding tissues anterior to the orbital septum. Often spreads from local infections or trauma. Can lead to orbital cellulitis if not promptly treated.
