Cervical Adenitis Flashcards
What is the typical history associated with cervical adenitis?
Painful swelling in the neck. History of recent upper respiratory infection or dental infection. Fever and malaise may be present.
What are the key physical examination findings in cervical adenitis?
Enlarged, tender lymph nodes in the cervical region. Possible overlying erythema and warmth. Fluctuance if abscess formation.
What investigations are necessary for diagnosing cervical adenitis?
Clinical diagnosis based on history and physical exam. Ultrasound to assess for abscess or complex mass. Blood tests: CBC, ESR, CRP.
What are the non-pharmacological management strategies for cervical adenitis?
Warm compresses to reduce discomfort. Good oral hygiene to prevent dental infections. Monitor for signs of worsening infection.
What are the pharmacological management options for cervical adenitis?
Empiric antibiotics targeting common pathogens (e.g., amoxicillin-clavulanate). Incision and drainage if abscess is present. Analgesics for pain relief.
What are the red flags to look for in cervical adenitis patients?
Rapidly enlarging or non-tender lymph nodes. Signs of systemic infection: high fever, malaise. Lack of response to initial antibiotic therapy.
When should a patient with cervical adenitis be referred to a specialist?
Refractory or severe cervical adenitis not responding to initial treatment. Suspected malignancy or atypical infection. Need for surgical intervention or further evaluation.
What is one key piece of pathophysiology related to cervical adenitis?
Inflammation and infection of the cervical lymph nodes. Often follows upper respiratory or dental infections. Can lead to abscess formation if not treated promptly.
