Urinary - Urethra Flashcards
1
Q
Where is the urethra?
A
Extends from neck of urinary bladder to exterior of body
2
Q
Function?
A
Carry urine from bladder to outside for elimination
3
Q
What two sphincters control urine? Muscle for each?
A
- Internal urethral sphincter - smooth muscle
- External urethral sphincter - skeletal muscle
4
Q
Function of urethra in male vs females?
A
Males - carries urine and passageway for sperm
Females - only carries urine
5
Q
Where is urethra found in men?
A
Through prostate gland and penis
6
Q
What is urethritis?
A
Inflammation of urethra
7
Q
What is cystitis?
A
Bladder inflammation
8
Q
What is pyelonephritis?
A
Kidney inflammation
9
Q
Do both sphincter muscles need to open to void?
A
Yes
10
Q
How does one urinate? Steps?
A
- urine volume stimulates stretch receptors in bladder wall
- afferent fibres carry info to spinal cord
- PNS stimulates muscularis layer to contract
- voluntary relaxation of external and internal sphincter muscles lead to urination
11
Q
When does urge to urinate occur? How full does the bladder need to be?
A
300 mL
12
Q
When does neural control of sphincter muscles develop?
A
Age 2
