Cardiovascular - Pulse And Blood Pressure

Question 1

Why is the pulse considered pressure points?

Answer 1

You can compress to stop bleeding

Question 2

What is the pulse?

Answer 2

Pressure wave of blood (expansion and recoil of blood vessels that occurs with each heart beat)

Question 3

What is bp?

Answer 3

Force blood exerts against wall of blood vessel

Question 4

What does systolic and diastolic measure? (Measurement made on large arteries)

Answer 4

Systolic - pressure peak of contraction
Diastolic - pressure when ventricles relax

Question 5

What is autoregulation?

Answer 5

Certain organs or systems regulate their own blood flow without external input

Question 6

What is central regulation?

Answer 6

Brain and nervous system control overall blood flow and distribution

Question 7

What effects BP?

Answer 7

Cardiac output & TPR

Low resistance = high blood flow

Question 8

What is total peripheral resistance?

Answer 8

Resistance of blood flow in body’s peripheral arteries

Question 9

What is TPR determined by?

Answer 9

1. Diameter of blood vessels
2. Lengths of blood vessels
3. Blood viscosity

Question 10

1. Diameter of blood vessels

Answer 10

Decreased diameter = lore blood contacts blood vessel wall increasing resistance

Increased diameter = less blood contacting vessel wall, lower friction and lower resistance

Question 11

2. Length of blood vessel

Answer 11

Longer vessel = greater resistance and lower the blood flow (surface area slows down blood)

Question 12

3. Blood viscosity (thickness)

Answer 12

Increase viscosity = increase resistance and decrease of blood flow

Blood viscosity is determined by formed elements and plasma proteins

Question 13

How can substances leave or enter blood?

Answer 13

1. Direct diffusion through membranes
2. Transport via vesicles
3. Diffusion through pores
4. Diffusion through intercellular clefts (gaps between cells membranes)