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BIO5203 > Urinary - Formation Of Urine > Flashcards

Urinary - Formation Of Urine Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three steps?

A
  1. Glomerular filtration
  2. Tubular reabsorption
  3. Tubular secretion
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2
Q

What is glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

A

Measures how well the kidneys filter blood

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3
Q

How does blood pressure effect filtration? (Normal bp? Low bp?)

A

Normal bp = normal filtration
Low bp = pressure differential not great enough to cause filtration (results in low urine production)

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4
Q

How do juxtaglomercular nephrons help when glomerular bp falls?

A

Releases renin to regulate bp

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5
Q
  1. Glomerular filtration
A

Blood pressure forces blood into the glomerulus -> bowman’s capsule collects filtrate (fluid filtered from the blood)

Filtration stops if bp is too low

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6
Q
  1. Tubular reabsorption
A

Useful substances are reabsorbed from the filtrate back into the blood in the peritubular capillaries

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7
Q

What useful substances are reabsorbed?

A
  • water
  • glucose
  • amino acids
  • ions
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8
Q

Where does most reabsorption occur?

A

PCT

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9
Q

Are nitrogenous waste products reabsorbed?

A

No, they are poorly reabsorbed

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10
Q

How much water does PCT reabsorb?

A

60-70%

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11
Q

How much organic substances does PCT reabsorb?

A

99-100%

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12
Q

How much sodium and chloride ions does PCT reabsorb?

A

60-70%

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13
Q

How much water does the nephron loop reabsorb?

A

25%

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14
Q

How much sodium and chloride ions does the nephron loop reabsorb?

A

20-25%

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15
Q

What influences the reabsorption of water for the distal comvulated loop? What percent of water?

A

Influenced by ADH

5%

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16
Q

What is ADH?

A

Regulates water balance in the body

17
Q

What influences the reabsorption of sodium ions in the distal convoluted tubules?

A

Aldosterone

18
Q

What is aldosterone?

A

Regulates bp and electrolyte balance

19
Q

How much water does collecting system reabsorb? Influenced by what? What is sodium reabsorption influenced by?

A

9%

ADH and aldosterone

20
Q

What is obligatory water reabsorption and facultative water reabsorption?

A

Two ways kidneys reabsorb water from filtrate back into bloodstream

21
Q

What is obligatory water reabsorption? Percent?

A

Collects 85% of water

Automatic process not controlled by hormones

Occurs in PCT and descending loop of henle

22
Q

What is facultative water reabsorption?

A

Water reabsorption regulated by ADH

Occurs in distal convoluted loop & collecting ducts

23
Q
  1. Tubular secretion: reabsorption in reverse (this process is important for what?)
A

Important for getting rid of substances not already in filtrate
AND
Materials move from PCT into renal tubules

24
Q

What are materials that move from PCT into renal tubules?

A

Creatinine & hydrogen + potassium ions

BIO5203 (41 decks)

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