Lymphatic - Defences Flashcards
What are the two defence systems for foreign material?
- Innate (nonspecific) defence system
- Adaptive (specific) defence system
What is immunity?
Resistance to disease
What’s the difference between the two defence mechanisms?
Innate does not distinguish one type of pathogen from another (response is same either way). Responds immediately
Adaptive has specific defence for specific invader. Much slower to respond
How many defence lines does the body have?
First line of defence (innate), second line of defence (innate), third line of defence (adaptive)
What is the body’s first line of defence?
- Skin
- mucous membranes
- secretions of skin and mucous membranes
What are thee three parts of the second line of defence?
- Phagocytes
- Natural killer cells
- Inflammatory response
- Antimicrobial proteins
- Fever
- What do phagocytes do?
Tracks pathogens down, binds to them, and then engulfs them
How do phagocytes know where pathogens are?
Release a chemical called chemotaxis which attracts the phagocytes to pathogens
What do natural killer cells do?
Attach to foreign material and release a chemical that disintegrates the cell
How do natural killer cells recognize cells?
Sugars found on its surface
- When does inflammatory response occur?
When there’s body tissues that are injured
What are the five signs of acute inflammation?
- Redness
- Heat
- Swelling
- Pain
- Loss of function
What is the function of the inflammatory response?
- prevents spread of damaging agents
- sets the stage for repair
- dispose cell debris and pathogens through phagocytosis
What happens if the third line of defence fails?
Disease occurs
What are the two types of immunity in the third line of defence?
Humoral immunity - antibody immunity (produced by B-plasma cells)
Cellular immunity - cell immunity (provided by T-cells)
