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VANA 101 > URINARY SYSTEM OF THE DOG ( Finals ) > Flashcards

URINARY SYSTEM OF THE DOG ( Finals ) Flashcards

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1
Q

• Considered part of the urogenital system

A

Organs of the Urinary system

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2
Q

The urinary system consists of the following organs:

A

– Kidneys
– Ureters
– Urinary Bladder
– Urethra

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3
Q

• Functional organs of the urinary system that filters blood and produce urine
• Functions:
– Excretion of nitrogenous waste
– Vitamin D metabolism
– Recover proteins, sugars and water from the filtrate; plays an essential role in electrolyte balance and mineral conservation
– Produce vasoactive substances (agents that play a role in blood pressure regulation) and erythropoietin (a hormone that stimulates red blood cells

A

Kidneys

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4
Q

– Elongate, smooth-surfaced, dark reddish-brown and bean-shaped
– Lies along the dorsal abdominal wall to the right and left of the vertebral column, just ventral to the sublumbar muscles

A

Kidneys

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5
Q

right kidney lying more cranial than left kidney by about half the length of the organ

A

Staggered in position

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6
Q

This organ extends from T12 or T13 to L2 or L3; more firmly fixed than the left; but both are somewhat mobile

A

Right kidney

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7
Q

This organ extends from L2-L3

A

Left kidney

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8
Q

lies with its cranial pole embedded in the renal impression in the caudate process of the caudate lobe of the liver

A

Right kidney

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9
Q

Right kindey relation: liver and right adrenal gland

A

Cranially

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10
Q

Right kindey relation: caudal vena cava

A

Medially

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11
Q

Right kindey relation: descending duodenum, pancreas and full stomach

A

Ventrally

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12
Q

Right kindey relation: last rib and abdominal wall

A

Laterally

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13
Q

Right kindey relation: spleen and full stomach

A

Dorsally

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14
Q

lies about ½ a kidney length caudal to right kidney

A

Left kidney

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15
Q

Left kindey relation: spleen, pancreas and full stomach

A

Cranially

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16
Q

Left kindey relation: left adrenal gland and aorta

A

Medially

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17
Q

Left kindey relation: descending colon

A

Ventrally

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18
Q

Left kindey relation: spleen and abdominal wall

A

Laterally

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19
Q

Left kindey relation: spleen and full stomach

A

Dorsally

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20
Q

– an indentation/depression on the medial border of the kidney (in the same position as the “eye of the bean”)
• Structures that passes through are the following:
– Renal artery and vein
– Renal nerves
– Renal lymphatic vessels
– Ureter

A

Renal hilus

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21
Q

a thin, string connective tissue sheet intimately surrounds all external surface of the kidneys and extends inward through the hilus to line the walls of the renal sinus

A

Fibrous capsule

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22
Q

a cavity/space within the kidney

A

Renal sinus

23
Q

structural and functional unit of the kidney

A

Nephron

24
Q

composed of glomerulus (a capillary tuft) surrounded by glomerular (Bowman’s) capsule

A

Renal corpuscle

25
Q

outer region of kidney ; consists of proximal and distal convoluted tubule,peritubular capillary network, renalcorpuscles

A

Cortex

26
Q

inner region; comprised mainly of nephric loops, collecting ducts, and long looped capillaries

A

Medulla

27
Q

consists of renal pyramid and its overlying cortical cap and the renal crest

A

Renal lobe

28
Q

triangular portions of the medulla that are best appreciated on parasagittal sections

A

Renal pyramids

29
Q

the area of the apex of each adjacent renal pyramid

A

Renal papilla

30
Q

formed by fusion of the apices of adjacent renal pyramids

A

Renal crest

31
Q

This system begins in the kidney and ends at the urinary bladder

A

Collecting system

32
Q

the region on the renal crest where the papillary ducts open

A

Area cribrosa

33
Q

dilated proximal portion of the ureter, within the renal sinus

A

Renal pelvis

34
Q

• Description and location:
– Tubes of smooth muscles that carry urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder
– Retroperitoneal

A

Uretres

35
Q

slightly longer than the left uretres

A

Right ureter

36
Q

Ureters Course:

A

Caudally and slightly medially en route to the urinary bladder

37
Q

courses in the ventral surface of the psoas muscles (lies ventral to the caudal vena cava and iliac arteries, but dorsal to the arteriessupplying the gonads

A

Abdominal part

38
Q

( male or female ) ureter continues its slightly oblique course directly to the urinary bladder

A

Females

39
Q

( male or female ) pass dorsal to ductus deferens, and each ductus deferens loops around its respective ureter en route to urethra

A

Males

40
Q

blind, rounded cranial end, highly mobile part of the urinary bladder

A

Apex

41
Q

main part, highly distensible, highly mobile part of the urinary bladder

A

Body

42
Q

terminal portion of urinary bladder, where it narrows to join the urethra; fixed in its intrapelvic position, even when the bladder is maximally distended

A

Neck

43
Q

– On the ventral surface of the urinary bladder and attaches to the abdominal wall as far cranial as the umbilicus
– Contains the urachus and the umbilical arteries in the fetus

A

Median ligament of the bladder

44
Q

– this ligament of the urinary bladded passes to the pelvic wall
– Often contains an accumulation of fat along with the ureters and the umbilical artery

A

Lateral ligament of the bladder

45
Q

A fetal structure (the allantoic stalk) that extends between the lumen of the urinary bladder and the umbilical cord

A

Urachus

46
Q

a triangular region in the internal surface of the dorsal wall of the urinary bladder

A

Trigone

47
Q

• A tubular organ that extends from the neck of the urinary bladder to the external body surface

A

Urethra

48
Q

shorter and simpler in form because it functions only in the elimination of urine

A

Female urethra

49
Q

Their urethra are divided into three regions

A

Male urethra

50
Q

most proximal urethra of male, where the organ is surrounded by the prostate gland

A

Prostatic urethra

51
Q

a low longitudinal ridge of tissue along the urethral dorsal midline

A

Urethral crest

52
Q

a small, elliptical knob at approximately the midpoint of urethral crest

A

Colliculus seminalis

53
Q

Urehtra of male that succeeds the prostatic part and extends as far caudally as the pelvic outlet

A

Pelvic urethra

54
Q

Urehtra of male that extends from the pelvic outlet through the full length of the penis, to open to the exterior of the body at the distal tip of the glans penis

A

Penile urethra

VANA 101 (34 decks)

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