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VANA 101 > MUSCULAR SYSTEM > Flashcards

MUSCULAR SYSTEM Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the basic action that all muscle functions are based on?

A

Contraction (shortening) of muscle fibers.

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2
Q

Which muscle function allows the body to move from one place to another?

A

Locomotion

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3
Q

What muscle function helps the body stay in a specific position, such as standing or sitting?

A

Maintain posture

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4
Q

Which muscle function is involved in regulating body temperature by producing warmth?

A

Heat production

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5
Q

Functions of Muscles:

A

• Locomotion
• Maintain posture
• Heat production

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6
Q

Types of Muscle Tissue:

A
  • Skeletal muscle
  • Smooth muscle
  • Cardiac muscle
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7
Q

What type of muscle tissue is responsible for voluntary movements and is usually attached to bones?

A

Skeletal muscle

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8
Q

What characteristic distinguishes skeletal muscle in terms of appearance?

A

Striated muscle

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9
Q

Where is skeletal muscle commonly found in the body?

A

Usually attached to bones

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10
Q

What is the primary function of skeletal muscle?

A

Produce voluntary movements

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11
Q

What type of muscle tissue is found in the walls of organs like the digestive and urogenital systems, and most blood vessels?

A

Smooth muscle

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12
Q

What is the main characteristic of smooth muscle regarding its control and appearance?

A

Involuntary and unstriated muscle

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13
Q

Which nervous system regulates the contractility of smooth muscle?

A

Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

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14
Q

What type of muscle tissue is restricted to the heart?

A

Cardiac muscle

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15
Q

How is cardiac muscle similar to skeletal muscle in terms of appearance?

A

It is considered striated muscle

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16
Q

What is the primary control mechanism for the contraction of cardiac muscle?

A

It contracts intrinsically and is not under voluntary control

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17
Q

skeletal, under the control of the brain and spinal cord

A

Voluntary

18
Q

cardiac and smooth, under ANS

A

Involuntary

19
Q

What are the types of skeletal muscle?

A
  • Fusiform muscles
  • Parallel (Flat) muscle
  • Pennate muscle
  • Sphincter/circular muscle
20
Q

What type of muscle is elliptical with parallel muscle fibers along its length?

A

Fusiform muscle

21
Q

Which muscle type is characterized by a strap-like or sheet-like shape?

A

Parallel muscle

22
Q

Name the type of muscle where fibers lie at an angle to the long axis of the muscle:

A

Pennate muscle

23
Q

Identify the type of pennate muscle where fibers attach at an angle along only one side of a tendon:

A

Unipennate muscle

24
Q

Which muscle type attaches at an angle along both sides of a tendon?

A

Bipennate muscle

25
Q

Name the type of muscle that attaches to the tendon from multiple angles:

A

Multipennate muscle

26
Q

What is the characteristic form of a sphincter muscle, and what is its function?

A

Circular in form; serves to close a structure when contracted.

27
Q

Types of attachment to Bones:

A
  • Tendons
  • Aponeurosis
28
Q

What is the type of dense regular fibrous connective tissue that connects muscles to bone?

A

Tendons

29
Q

What type of connective tissue is characterized by broad, flat sheets that attach muscle to muscle?

A

Aponeurosis

30
Q

Site of attachment to Bones:

A
  • Origin
  • Insertion
31
Q

Which type of attachment is known as the proximal attachment and is less mobile?

A

Origin

32
Q

Which type of attachment is known as the distal attachment and is more mobile?

A

Insertion

33
Q

Division/Regions of Skeletal
Muscles:

A

• Head
• Belly

34
Q

What type of muscle produces the characteristic movement at a joint?

A

Prime movers (agonists)

35
Q

Give an example of a prime mover for flexion of the elbow joint.

A

Biceps brachii

36
Q

What is the role of an antagonist muscle?

A

Opposes the movement of a prime mover and aids in smooth and controlled movement.

37
Q

Provide an example of a muscle that acts as an antagonist to the biceps brachii during flexion of the elbow joint.

A

Triceps brachii

38
Q

Besides being an antagonist to the biceps brachii, what other movement is triceps brachii a prime mover for?

A

Extension of the elbow joint

39
Q

What is the function of a synergist muscle?

A

Indirectly aids the action of a prime mover.

40
Q

Which type of muscle stabilizes the proximal end of a limb while the distal ends move?

A

Fixator

VANA 101 (34 decks)

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