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VANA 101 > RESPIRATORY SYSTEM > Flashcards

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Flashcards

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1
Q

• system responsible for the exchange of waste gas for usable
gas between the blood and the air in the environment
• found in the thoracic cavity

A

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

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2
Q

optimally warm or cool the gases brought into the body

A

upper respiratory tract

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3
Q

includes the trachea to the lungs

A

lower respiratory tract

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4
Q

• Production of sound caused by movement of air across the vocal folds, causing them to vibrate. The associated resonance, changed and modified by the tongue, oral cavity, mouth and lips, produces characteristic sounds

A

Phonation

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5
Q

• The sense of smell, perceived in the brain (cerebral cortex) involves receptors located in the nasal cavity

A

Olfaction

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6
Q

• By panting, the dog helps control the body temperature via evaporation. The lungs also play a role in acid-base balance and regulation of circulating substances in the blood

A

Heat regulation

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7
Q

the rostral structure protruding slightly from the face

A

External nose

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8
Q

the groove in the lip and middle of the nose separating the nostrils

A

Philtrum

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9
Q

(cranial nares) the external openings into the nasal cavity, thus, the respiratory system

A

Nostrils

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10
Q

the rostral end of the nasal bones and the incisive bones, referred to as the immovable nose; the nasal cartilages extend from the opening rostrally

A

Bony nasal aperture

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11
Q

the nasal cartilages, their ligaments and skin coverings

A

Movable portion of the nose

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12
Q

the structure giving the nose its characteristic appearance. The nasal cartilages project rostrally from the bony nasal aperture

A

Cartilage of the nose

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13
Q

opens externally at the nostrils or external nares. It communicates behind with the nasopharynx thru the posterior nares and the paranasal sinuses.

A

nasal cavity

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14
Q

the rostral part just inside the nostril

A

Vestibule

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15
Q

Part of nasal cavity filled with nasal conchae

A

Middle part

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16
Q

contains numerous ethmoturbinates of nasal cavity

A

Caudal part

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17
Q

a vertical plate, cartilaginous rostrally and bony caudally, that separates the nasal cavity into right and left halves

A

Nasal septum

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18
Q

paired structure that lies in the rostroventral portion of nasal septum and functions in kin recognition and sexual behavior by its reception of pheromones; opens into the incisive duct that elicits flehman response

A

Vomeronasal organ

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19
Q

(“shells”) which are delicate paper-thin scrolls of bone covered with vascular mucus membrane that projects at the lateral walls of the cavity

A

Conchae or turbinate bones

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20
Q

In the caudal half of nasal cavity, covered by mucosa containing sensory endings of olfactory nerve, responsible for the keen sense of smell

A

Ethmoidal nasal concha (ethmoidal labyrinth)

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21
Q

spaces in between the chonchae

A

Meati

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22
Q

communicates caudally with the nasopharynx and eventually the esophagus

A

Ventral nasal meatus

23
Q

• Air-filled spaces in the skull
• Communicate with the space of the nasal cavity

A

PARANASAL SINUS

24
Q

• part of both respiratory and digestive systems

A

PHARYNX

25
Q

located caudal to the nasal cavity, contains opening of auditory tube

A

nasopharynx

26
Q

located caudal to the oral cavity, ventral to the soft palate; contains the tonsils

A

oropharynx

27
Q

caudal to both the nasopharynx and oropharynx; surrounds larynx; opens into the esophagus and larynx

A

laryngopharynx

28
Q

• A complex cartilaginous and muscular tube that connects the
pharynx and trachea
• located just caudal to the soft palate and the base of the tongue; ventral to the pharynx at the level of the atlas
• Suspended in the intermandibular space and attached to the tongue by the hyoid apparatus

A

LARYNX

29
Q

This cartilage forms the epiglottis

A

Epiglottic cartilage

30
Q

largest, open dorsally of laryngeal cartilage

A

Thyroid cartilage

31
Q

forms a complete ring (signet)

A

Cricoid cartilage

32
Q

paired; where the vocal ligament (“vocal cord”) and the vocalis muscles is attached

A

Arytenoid cartilage

33
Q

• Suspends the tongue and larynx from the skull in the
intermandibular space
• Attached to the mastoid region proximally and thyroid cartilage distally
• Composed of a set of tiny yet strong bones assembled by synchondrosis

A

HYOID APPARATUS

34
Q

rod shaped distinctly bowed towards the midline

A

Stylohyoid bone (“pole”)

35
Q

sitting “upon” the central region of the hyoid apparatus

A

Epihyoid bone (“upon”)

36
Q

shortest hyoid bone

A

Ceratohyoid bone (“horn”)

37
Q

positioned within the base of the tongue

A

Basihyoid bone

38
Q

attached to the thyroid cartilage

A

Thyrohyoid bone

39
Q

• cartilaginous and membranous tube which extends from the
larynx to the hilus of the lungs where it terminates by dividing
into left and right bronchi above the base of the heart
• composed of a series of C shaped cartilaginous rings joined by
fibroelastic connective tissue called the annular ligaments

A

TRACHEA OR WINDPIPE

40
Q

divisions of airways within the lungs; with progressively decreasing diameter at the level of the base of the heart; the last and smallest division of the airway is the dead-end alveolus, arranged in clusters like grapes off the end of a bronchiole

A

Bronchi

41
Q

self-contained, cone shaped section of lung tissue within a lobe

A

Bronchopulmonary segment

42
Q

convex cranial end, directed toward the thoracic inlet

A

Apex

43
Q

concave caudal portion, conforms to the diaphragm

A

Base (diaphragmatic surface)

44
Q

lies laterally against the thoracic wall

A

Costal surface

45
Q

faces the opposite lung through the mediastinun; with cardiac impression of the right lung between the 3rd and 6th rib

A

Medial surface

46
Q

concave surface conforming to the diaphragm

A

Diaphragmatic surface

47
Q

the opening between lobes of the lungs where the heart sac comes in contact with the thoracic wall

A

Cardiac notch of the right lung

48
Q

the general area where vascular, nervous and airway structures enter or leave the lung

A

Hilus

49
Q

comprise the collected structures that pass into and out of the lung at the hilus

A

Root

50
Q

• Supplies lung tissue with oxygenated blood
• They arise from branches of the aorta

A

Bronchial vessels

51
Q

larger than the left, more lobes than the left

A

Right lung

52
Q

• The space between the lungs, a median structure extending
along the midline from the thoracic inlet to the diaphragm

A

MEDIASTINUM

53
Q

• A musculotendinous organ of inspiration that separates the
thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity
• Has a tendinous center and muscular periphery
• Pierced by three foramina
• Innervated by the phrenic nerves

A

DIAPHRAGM

VANA 101 (26 decks)

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