Untitled Deck Flashcards
is the most important blood group system after ABO in transfusion medicine.
RH
Syndrome in fetus is now referred to as
hemolytic disease of the fetus and
newborn (HDFN).
severe jaundice and fetal death
erythroblastosis fetalis
Rh system IDENTIFIED by
Landsteiner and Wiener in 1940.
Immunized animals to
Rhesus macacus monkey RBCs
This antibody which agglutinated 85% of human red cells was named
RH
Anti-rhesus formed by the animals was
anti-LW (Landsteiner and Wiener).
Individuals who lack D antigen
DO NOT have anti-D.
The terminology used to describe the Rh system is derived from 4 sets of investigators
- Two of the terminologies are based on the postulated genetic mechanisms of the Rh system.
- 3rd terminology describes only the presence given antigen
- is result of the effort of the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) Working Party on Terminology for Red cell Surface antigens.
Suggested that antigens are determined by 3 closely linked sets of alleles.
Fisher-Race: CDE Terminology
Rh genes are
autosomal co-dominant
Postulated that TWO genes, one on each chromosome pair, controls the entire express of Rh system.
2- Wiener (The Rh-Hr terminology)
Each gene produces a structure on the red cell called
agglutinogen
The three factors are the
antigens expressed on the cell.
Superscripts (Rh1) refer to
genes
Subscripts (Rh1) refer to the
agglutinogen (complex of antigens)
In 1962 proposed a nomenclature based ONLY on serologic (agglutination) reactions
Rosenfield
Adapts well to computer entry
Rosenfield
International organization created to standardize blood group system nomenclature
International Society of Blood Transfusion
Assigned 6 digit number for each antigen
- First 3 numbers indicate the blood group system, eg., 004 = Rh
- Last 3 numbers indicates the specific antigen, eg., 004001 = D
antigen
