Unit 3 Flashcards
What is the Enlightenment?
A time when people began to think that everything that happened in the universe was based on reason and natural law
Who stated that the sun was the center of the universe and the earth orbits around it?
Copernicus and Galileo
What did the Catholics think of the universe?
That the Earth was the center of the universe and the sun orbits around it
What did Isaac Newton establish in his studies?
That the universe operates on the basis of regular, predictable natural law through gravity and other aspects of the physical world
How did some scientists and philosophers interpret the discoveries of Isaac Newton in relation to the will of God?
They thought that the scientific laws were the real basis for the operation of the universe, not the will of God
What new thinking emerged in the Enlightenment about kings and governments?
The idea that people should choose who is fit to be the next ruler and that people majorities can change governments
What issue was fundamental in leading to the American Revolution?
The colonists wanting to be separated from the English government, who held power in the colonies and how the colonies were to be governed
Who had ultimate power authority in the colonies at first?
The king and appointed governors
Who made up the governor’s council of advisors?
A small group of wealthy colonists who were appointed by the king
Who was allowed to vote for assembly members?
Free males who each owned a certain amount of property
What administrative change angered New Englanders?
The creation of the Dominion of New England by the Lords of Trade, which combined all of the New England colonies into one government
Who criticized the governor of New York in his newspaper? What was the outcome of the trial and its impact of freedom of the press?
John Peter Zenger. He was put in prison for ten months, but was proven not guilty. After this, many other newspaper editors felt more free to criticize the government in their papers
What were the issues involved in Bacon’s Rebellion?
The constant threat of Indian attack, conflict over western settlement policy, and growing willingness of colonists to defy government authority
What area in North America was disputed by France and England?
The territory between the Ohio River and the Great Lakes
What colonial militia officer tried to push the French from Fort Duquesne?
George Washington