Unit 17

Question 1

What are the two simplest forms a business can take?

Answer 1

An individual proprietorship (a small business which belongs to one person) and a partnership (two or more people work together and share the profit and loses)

Question 2

What is a form of business, run by a board of directors, which can sell stock in the company to investors or stockholders, who put money into the business with the hope of sharing in its profit?

Answer 2

A business corporation

Question 3

What are the combinations that were used by businesses in the late 1800s?

Answer 3

A pool, trust, holding company, and interlocking directorate

Question 4

What was the first big industry?

Answer 4

Railroading

Question 5

In what industries did Cornelius Vanderbilt and John D. Rockefeller create their wealth?

Answer 5

Vanderbilt formed a steamboat company and Rockefeller formed the Standard Oil Company of Ohio

Question 6

What was finance capitalism?

Answer 6

The management of investments in successful production companies

Question 7

Who were three people who pioneered in catalog sales?

Answer 7

Montgomery Ward, and Richard Sears and Alvah Roebuck (they built brick and mortar buildings)

Question 8

In 1900 what was the average laborer’s work week and annual salary?

Answer 8

59 hours a week and 500 dollars of annual salary

Question 9

The Molly Maguire were involved with what industry?

Answer 9

Coal miners in Pennsylvania because of the unsafe work conditions there

Question 10

What were contract labor arrangements?

Answer 10

Arrangements that took advantage of immigrants by having them work for a particular company so that the company would pay the immigrants way into America

Question 11

With what labor organization was Terence Powderly associated?

Answer 11

The Knights of Labor

Question 12

Who was convicted of crime after the Haymarket Riot?

Answer 12

Eight anarchists were convicted. Seven were sentenced to death and one was sentenced to 15 years in prison. One of the convicted was a member of the Knights of Labor

Question 13

What were the two main ways of organizing workers into unions?

Answer 13

Craftsmen preferred to organize by profession, while many other unskilled workers wanted to organize by industry

Question 14

Where was an important steel strike in 1892?

Answer 14

At a Carnegie steel factory in Homestead, Pennsylvania

Question 15

Who was the leader of the American Railway Union and what company did it strike in 1894?

Answer 15

Eugene V. Debs; the Pullman Railroad Car company

Question 16

What group was called the Wobblies?

Answer 16

The Industrial Workers of the World

Question 17

What was the effect of tenant and sharecropper farming?

Answer 17

It limited economic growth because their workers could not afford to buy the products they helped to produce

Question 18

How did southern manufacturing change after the war?

Answer 18

Southerners began to build their own mills to produce cotton fabric and the number of mills, railroads, and the use of coal for energy in the South increased

Question 19

What company did Duke form in 1890?

Answer 19

The American Tobacco Company

Question 20

What political party controlled the South after Reconstruction?

Answer 20

The Democratic Party

Question 21

What two terms were used to describe the Democrat political leaders?

Answer 21

Redeemers and Bourbons

Question 22

Why From what general areas did the new immigration come?

Answer 22

From Southern and Eastern Europe

Question 23

What facility in New York Harbor completed in 1892 processed millions of immigrants?

Answer 23

Ellis Island

Question 24

What nationality was particularly discriminated against?

Answer 24

The Chinese

Question 25

What innovations helped the construction of taller buildings?

Answer 25

Central boilers that could heat multiple rooms, cast-iron and steel frame construction techniques, and elevators

Question 26

What were the large, occasional events that attracted millions of visitors and showcased new developments?

Answer 26

Expositions