Exam 1 Flashcards
What does history help us with?
It helps us understand the present
What is it called when nations generally believe that their own ways and perspectives are correct and superior to those of other cultures?
Ethnocentricity
God is working out His plan for human history until when?
Time on earth ends and eternity begins
What is a major factor influencing the events of history?
The desire to control one’s destiny and often the destiny of others
Who wrote that those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it?
George Santayana
The Renaissance resulted in what?
A broadening of horizons for human thought and activity
What did the Crusades introduce to the Europeans?
The geography, cultures, and riches of the East
How did the Native Americans possibly get to the western hemisphere?
They walked across the Bering Strait from Asia to Alaska, either on ice or on a land bridge which no longer exists
Who sponsored Columbus’ first voyage?
King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain
Whose crew sailed around the world?
Ferdinand Magellen’s
What country was the dominant power in North America until about 1600?
Spain
Who led the conquest of the Aztecs?
Hernando Cortes
What does the word Renaissance mean?
Rebirth
What European explorer is thought to have landed on the eastern coast of North America before Columbus?
Leif Erikson
What two miscalculations did Columbus make in planning his first voyage?
He thought the earth was smaller than what it really was, and he did not know about any additional land masses between Europe and the Far East
What did Spanish explorers want to do with the gold and other riches they found in the New World?
Send it back to Spain
What was the first permanent European settlement in what would become the United States?
St. Augustine
What was one of the greatest abuses in Roman Catholicism?
The selling of indulgences
What did Martin Luther post that protested Catholic practices?
His Ninety-five Theses
What was the name of the English ruler who broke with Rome and established the Church of England?
Henry VIII
Who claimed Newfoundland for England?
John Cabot
Who were the daughters of Henry VIII?
Mary and Elizabeth I
What was the first English attempt to establish a colony in North America?
Roanoke
England’s power increased by their defeating in a sea battle in 1588 the what?
The Spanish Armada
Who became king of England when Elizabeth I died?
James I
What was the political and economic philosophy that encouraged colonial settlement?
Mercantilism
What was the first permanent English settlement in North America?
Jamestown
What group settled Massachusetts Bay?
The Puritans
Who founded Rhode Island?
Roger Williams