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American History > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What 1848 event in California heightened the debate over slavery in the territories?

A

The discovery of gold

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2
Q

What was the declaration of American interest in buying Cuba from Spain?

A

The Ostend Manifesto

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3
Q

What is popular sovereignty?

A

Letting settlers in a territory decide for themselves whether or not to admit slavery

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4
Q

What is the tendency of people in different parts of the country to have different and often conflicting views?

A

Sectionalism

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5
Q

What did the gag rule forbid?

A

The petitions in the House of Representatives regarding the abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia

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6
Q

What called for the right to take slaves into all territories?

A

The Nashville convention

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7
Q

What was the proposed ban on slavery in territory acquired from Mexico?

A

The Wilmot Proviso

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8
Q

Where was the battleground for proslavery and antislavery forces?

A

Kansas Territory

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9
Q

What was the Compromise of 1850?

A

A collection of provisions organized by Henry Clay to avoid disunion

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10
Q

What law was a part of the Compromise of 1850 to which many northerners objected?

A

The Fugitive Slave Law

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11
Q

Who were the Democratic nominees of the 1860 Democratic National Convention?

A

Stephen Douglas and John C. Breckenridge

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12
Q

What action did South Carolina take after the election?

A

They repealed the state’s ratification and seceded from the Union

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13
Q

Where was the Confederate government formed, and who was chosen to lead it?

A

Montgomery, Alabama. Jefferson Davis as President and Alexander Stephens as VP

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14
Q

What Constitutional amendment was passed by Congress but not considered by the states?

A

The amendment guaranteeing slavery where it currently existed

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15
Q

When did Confederate forces fire on Fort Sumter?

A

After Lincoln attempted to resupply it

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16
Q

What move by President Lincoln led to other states seceding from the Union?

A

His issue to call for 75,000 volunteers to be raised by state militia and his blockade of southern parts

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17
Q

How many states made up the Confederacy? How many Union states still practiced slavery?

A

11 Confederate states. 4 Union states

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18
Q

Which side of the Civil War was in a better position economically?

A

The North

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19
Q

The Union Anaconda military strategy included what 3 steps?

A
  1. Defend Washington, D.C., and attack Richmond, Virginia
  2. Blockade the Confederate coast
  3. Divide the Confederacy by its major rivers
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20
Q

What did the Confederates hope to do in order for them to claim victory of the Civil War?

A

They hoped to hold the North to a stalemate and obtain a negotiated peace

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21
Q

In what two states did the most battles take place?

A

Virginia and Tennessee

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22
Q

Who won the first Battle of Bull Run (or Manassas Junction)?

A

The Confederates

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23
Q

Who led the capture of New Orleans and the lower Mississippi River for the Union?

A

Admiral David Farragut

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24
Q

What two forts in Tennessee did the Union (led by Ulysses S. Grant) capture?

A

Fort Henry and Fort Donelson

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25
Q

Who was the Confederate commander at the Battle of Stones River?

A

Braxton Bragg

26
Q

Who shot Lincoln?

A

John Wiles Booth

27
Q

Who was Lincoln’s vice presidential nominee in 1864?

A

Andrew Johnson

28
Q

Where did Lee surrender?

A

In a farmhouse near the village of Appomattox Court House

29
Q

Who was the last general-in-chief that Lincoln appointed?

A

Ulysses S. Grant

30
Q

What Union general took Atlanta and led the March Across Georgia?

A

General William Sherman

31
Q

Who was an ineffective general and 1864 Democratic presidential candidate?

A

George McClellan

32
Q

Where was the last push of the Confederate war effort in the west?

A

Nashville and Franklin, Tennessee

33
Q

Where was the costly Union victory near Corinth, Mississippi?

A

Shiloh

34
Q

What city was taken by Grant by a siege that trapped it against a river?

A

Vicksburg

35
Q

Who won at Stones River and Lookout Mountain? Who won at Fredericksburg and Chickamauga?

A

The Union. The Confederates

36
Q

Where did Lee first invade the Union?

A

Antietam (Sharpsburg)

37
Q

When and where was Lincoln assassinated?

A

He was shot on April 14, 1865, at Lincoln’s balcony box at Ford’s Theater in Washington. He died the next day

38
Q

What agency, formed by Congress, helped former slaves?

A

The Freedman’s Bureau

39
Q

The 14 Amendment declared Confederate debts to be what?

A

Null and void

40
Q

Due to blacks being largely shut out from white society, what did blacks do?

A

Organize black churches and fraternal groups

41
Q

What were black codes?

A

State laws that restricted the rights of blacks

42
Q

When the Republican-controlled Congress convened in December of 1865, Congress did what?

A

Rejected the representatives from the former Confederate states

43
Q

What was sharecropping?

A

The act of people living on land which was owned by someone else, working in the owner’s fields, and receiving a share of the crop as pay

44
Q

What did the Homestead Act allow?

A

Americans to receive land in the West for free by living on the land or cultivating it for five years

45
Q

What body was formed by Congress to develop a plan for Reconstruction?

A

The Joint Committee on Reconstruction

46
Q

What group won a big majority in the 1866 congressional elections?

A

Radical Republicans

47
Q

What did the 14 Amendment define and guarantee?

A

It defined citizenship and guaranteed the legal rights of citizens

48
Q

To what position did Abraham Lincoln appoint Johnson in 1862?

A

Military governor of Tennessee

49
Q

Who were carpetbaggers?

A

Northerners who supposedly packed their carpetbags and came south to obtain government positions and to teach school and render other legitimate service

50
Q

Who were scalawags?

A

Southerners who cooperated with the Republicans and opposed secession (seen by southerners as traitors)

51
Q

What did the Tenure of Office Act forbid?

A

The President’s ability to remove anyone from office, unless confirmed by the Senate

52
Q

What body impeached Johnson, what body conducted the impeachment trial, and what was the outcome?

A

The House of Representatives; the Senate; Johnson avoided being convicted and removed from office by one vote

53
Q

List the first 19 Presidents of the United States in order

A

(1) George Washington, (2) John Adams, (3) Thomas Jefferson, (4) James Madison, (5) James Monroe, (6) John Quincy Adams, (7) Andrew Jackson, (8) Martin Van Buren, (9) William Henry Harrison, (10) John Tyler, (11) James K. Polk, (12) Zachary Taylor, (13) Millard Fillmore, (14) Franklin Pierce, (15) James Buchanan, (16) Abraham Lincoln, (17) Andrew Johnson (18) Ulysses S. Grant, (19) Rutherford B. Hayes

54
Q

Whose Administration was characterized by very many scandals?

A

Ulysses S. Grant’s

55
Q

Who was Grant’s opponent in the 1872 election?

A

Horace Greely

56
Q

What discoveries encouraged people to move west?

A

The discovery of gold, silver, and copper in western areas

57
Q

Who won the battle between an Army force led by George A. Custer and Sioux warriors led by Sitting Bull?

A

The Sioux warriors

58
Q

What immigrant groups were hired in large number by the railroad companies?

A

Irish and Chinese immigrants

59
Q

What was the eastern terminus and what was the western terminus for the railroad?

A

Omaha, Nebraska (eastern) and Sacramento, California (western)

60
Q

Who were the Republican and Democratic presidential candidates in 1876?

A

Democrat Samuel J. Tilden and Republican Rutherford B. Hayes

61
Q

What deal did leading Republicans and southern Democrats evidently make behind the scenes in late February of 1877?

A

The deal was that if Hayes were to be elected, he would withdraw the remaining Reconstruction troops from the South

American History (20 decks)

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