Unit 18 Flashcards
What hit the country soon after Cleveland took office?
The Panic of 1893
On what did Cleveland blame the economic downturn?
The Sherman Silver Purchase Act and the resulting cheap money that had come into the economy
What issues divided Democrats?
The differing views of the repeal of the Sherman Silver Purchase Act, returning to gold standards and tariffs
What was passed and then declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court?
Income tax
Who were the major party nominees in 1896?
Republican William McKinley and Democrat William Jennings Bryan
How did the major party candidates differ in their campaigning in 1896?
McKinley mainly gave speeches on his front porch in his Ohio home while campaign manager Mark Hanna raised over 3 million dollars. Bryan visited over twenty states and gave 600 speeches
What were two important pieces of legislation passed by Congress during McKinley’s term?
The Dingley Tariff and the Gold Standard Act
What did the Supreme Court rule in 1883 regarding the application of the 14th Amendment?
That the amendment only applies to state action and not to individual actions
What did Plessy v. Ferguson say about the practice of justifying segregation?
That maintaining separate facilities for the races was an appropriate policy by state governments
What is the term for a mob execution of a black?
Lynching
What were some factors that led to the success of the Progressive Movement?
They were younger than the average American, more educated and urban, and were more aware and involved in politics
What were some conditions that Progressives wanted to address?
Poor working conditions, corrupt city governments, and poor housing
What city was the first to adopt a commission form of government?
Galveston, Texas
What was a social issue that many Progressives worked for?
The prohibition of alcoholic beverages
What Wisconsin Senator was the leading Progressive spokesman?
Robert M. LaFollette
Who furthered the Progressive cause the most on the national level?
Theodore Roosevelt
What was the term used to describe writers who exposed abuses and failings in American life?
Muckrakers
How did the United States take over Hawaii?
They overthrew the Queen of Hawaii and her government due to their unstable and inconsistent treatment of American interests
What factors made life difficult for people in Cuba?
Poverty increased due to tariffs enacted on sugar, and Spain’s harsh treatment to revolting Cubans by rounding them up and putting them in unsanitary detention camps
What events pushed McKinley and the United States toward war with Spain?
Spain’s treatment to Cubans, the explosion of the USS Maine, Spain’s reluctance to give Cuba independence, and an insulting letter about McKinley
What country besides Cuba was the target of U.S. attacks during the Spanish-American War?
The Philippines
What lands did the United States gain as a result of the war and subsequent treaty?
Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, the Philippines, and Wake Island
What happened in the Philippines after the United States took over?
They resisted American rule and fought a costly war against America in 1902. They were granted their independence in 1946
Why did some European nations operate spheres of influence in China?
To grow their respective empires for their benefit
What name was given to a group of extreme Chinese nationalists by Westerners?
Boxers
