Unit 24 Flashcards
What international organization to promote peace was formed after World War II?
The United Nations
What part of the U.N. holds the real power in making decisions?
The Security Council
What are the five permanent members of the Security Council?
The United States, Russia (formerly Soviet Union), Great Britain, France, and China
What chilling development especially concerned American policy makers?
The fact that the Soviets had detonated their own atomic bomb
What happened in China in 1949?
The communist forces ran the nationalist government off the mainland
What was the principle which states that the United States should help support free people who were resisting aggression from without or subversion from within?
The Truman Doctrine
What was the plan to help the countries of Western Europe rebuild their economies and resist Communist influence?
The Marshall Plan
How did the U.S. get supplies to West Berlin when the Russians blockaded it?
Through the air
What is NATO?
(North Atlantic Treaty Organization) An alliance between nations bordering or close to the North Atlantic for mutual defense
What was the name of Truman’s idea to assist third-world countries with technology and industrial assistance?
Point Four
Who were the Hollywood Ten?
Ten Hollywood actors who were suspected of being Communists
What act required Communist organizations and those secretly assisting Communists to register with the Justice Department?
The McCarran Act
What accusation did Whittaker Chambers make against Hiss?
That when Chambers was a Communist, he received copies of classified government documents from Alger Hiss
What was the legal response Hiss made to Chambers’ charges?
He denied the charges and sued Chambers for slander
What was the outcome of the Hiss case?
He was charged for perjury, convicted in a second trial, and served time in prison
What did Jospeh McCarthy claim about Communists in the U.S. government?
That the State Department was infested with Communists and that he had a list of them
What atmosphere did McCarthy create?
An atmosphere of fear and suspicion
What televised event began McCarthy’s downfall?
The Army-McCarthy hearings
How was Korea divided after World War II?
The Soviet army was in control of northern Korea and American forces held the southern half of the peninsula
How did the Korean conflict start?
North Korean troops invaded the South in an attempt to unify the peninsula under Communist control
Who was the commander of the U.S. and U.N. forces?
Douglas MacArthur
What bold military move by U.N. forces turned the tide when they were losing?
MacArthur led a landing at Inchon on the western Korean coast, far behind enemy lines, which cut the Communist supply routes
How did the U.N. commander want to pursue the war even further?
By bombing China, where supplies and other support for the North Korean army were located
When did a truce go into effect in Korea?
July 27, 1953
What law of 1944 benefited veterans returning from World War II?
The Veterans Readjustment Act (also called the GI Bill or the GI Bill of Rights)
What do we call the large increase in population during the postwar years?
The Baby Boom
What is inflation?
A lowering of the value of the dollar and an increase in prices
Who was the first black player in Major League Baseball?
Jackie Robinson
Which party won control of Congress in 1946?
Republican Party
What did Truman call Congress in the 1948 campaign?
The “Do-Nothing Congress”
Who was expected to win the 1948 presidential race?
Thomas Dewey
What did Truman call his program of legislation in 1949?
A Fair Deal to every American
List the first 33 Presidents of the United States in order
(1) George Washington, (2) John Adams, (3) Thomas Jefferson, (4) James Madison, (5) James Monroe, (6) John Quincy Adams, (7) Andrew Jackson, (8) Martin Van Buren, (9) William Henry Harrison, (10) John Tyler, (11) James K. Polk, (12) Zachary Taylor, (13) Millard Fillmore, (14) Franklin Pierce, (15) James Buchanan, (16) Abraham Lincoln, (17) Andrew Johnson (18) Ulysses S. Grant, (19) Rutherford B. Hayes, (20) James A. Garfield, (21) Chester A. Arthur, (22) Grover Cleveland, (23) Benjamin Harrison, (24) Grover Cleveland, (25) William McKinley, (26) Theodore Roosevelt, (27) William Howard Taft, (28) Woodrow Wilson, (29) Warren G. Harding, (30) Calvin Coolidge, (31) Herbert Hoover, (32) Franklin D. Roosevelt, (33) Harry S. Truman
