Unit 2 Test Flashcards
What was the order of the European feudalism system?
Kings, Nobles, Knights, and peasants.
What were Japan’s levels of Feudalism?
- Emperor (figurehead)
- Shogun (military lords)
- Diamyos (land lords) without Knights or Samurai
- Peasants
- Artisans
- Merchants
How can the Merchants get off the bottom of Feudalism?
By passing the civil service exam.
What two groups were in battle during the crusades?
Christians and Muslims.
What land were the Christians and Muslims fighting over?
The holy land (Jerusalem).
What was the impact from the crusades?
Europe got reconnected with Asian trade networks and ended Feudalism.
What was the manor?
An economic system. The lords estate.
When could the serfs leave the manor?
When they had the lords permission.
Where were potential knights sent?
At the age of 7, they were sent to the castle of the fathers lords.
What were some things the knights and warfare were trained to do?
Ride horses, weapon training, be a squire, and armor lessons.
What is chivalry?
A code of conduct for knights.
What is one code of chivalry?
At all times speak the truth.
Where were castles located in the dark ages?
Along river crossings, harbors, and mountain passings.
What area did Tamberlane conquer?
India and Russia.
What area did Kublai Khan conquer?
China.
What motivated the Spanish to take on the new world?
God, Glory, and Gold.
What were the 4 eventual ends of Feudalism?
Magna Carta, crusades, black death, and 100-year war.
What two religions did the pope think the battles would reunite?
Roman Catholics and Eastern Orthodox.
Who won the first crusade?
Christians.
Who won the second crusade?
Muslims, only because of Salidan.
What were the impacts of the crusades?
Religious hatred and Europe got reconnected with the world in the process.
What was the hundred years’ war over?
Military conflict between England and France over the English Channel.
Where was the middle passage located?
Africa to America.
Who was the Mongol’s ruler?
Genghis Khan.
What are some Mongol War tactics?
Superior horseback riders, compound bow, and they moved faster than the news of their arrival.
Who did the Mongols beat that no one else could?
Russians
How many soldiers of Tamberlane invaded India?
90,000.
What did Tamberlane also take over?
Anything left from Dehli Sultanate.
What religion did Tamberlen become while in India?
Muslim
What did Kublai Khan take over?
The song dynasty (China)
What was the first thing the Mongols impacted on China?
Helped stabilize a weak China in the 1200s and 1300s.
What was the second impact the Mongols left on China?
Helped increase China trade.
What is Pax Mongolica?
A term used to describe the period of relative peace and stability across Asia and the Middle East.
Who was Marco Polo?
An Italian merchant who visited China during the reign of Kublai Khan.
What did Marco Polo’s book spark for the Europeans?
Intense interest in China’s riches.
What was “the downfall”?
The Mongols and China split.
What was China like after the Mongols left?
China’s Ming Dynasty was the most advanced society in the world by the 15th century.
What two factors did Japan keep repeating?
Isolationism and expansion.
What did isolationism help in Japan?
Preserve its culture.
Where did most of Japan’s ancient and modern-day population live?
Along the coastal plains.
What did the Japanese adopt from China?
The mandate of heaven, government, technology, art, gardening, and tea drinking ceremony.
Why is it difficult to invade Japan?
They have islands and they are mote.
Where did Kublai Khan plan to invade in the 19th century?
Japan
What was the only way to invade Japan?
By crossing the sea of Japan.
What happened on the first attempt of the Mongols invading Japan?
They ran into a typhoon.
What did the Japanese refer to as the Typhoon?
Kamakazi - Divine wind
What happened on the second attempt at the Mongol invasion of Japan?
They sent a larger invasion and built ships, but were wiped out by a monsoon.
what happened to the Mongols and the Chinese who did make it to Japan?
They ended up being pasteurized by Samurai warriors.
What are Samurai?
Japanese warriors.
What code does the Japanese Samurai use?
The code of Bushido.
What is the code of Bushido similar to?
The chivalry among the European knights.
What did Tokugawa Shogunate?
He made a notable action and they isolated due to fearing the spread of new ideas from multiple cultures.
Why were the Portuguese allowed to trade with Japan?
They had guns, which could be used for Japans protection.
What does Renaissance mean?
Rebirth.
What was the Renaissance?
A time of creativity and change in political, economical, cultural, and social norms.
Where was the renaissance?
Began in Europe but spread to Italy.
What did the Renaissance create?
Schools, universities, and literacy.
What was the first launch factor of the Renaissance?
Italy was wealthy and invested in the arts.
What was the second launch factor of the Renaissance?
The Italian - city-states were located on major trade routes from Asia to Africa.
What did trade on the Medditaranian sea enable?
Cultural diffusion.
Who created the printing press?
Johann Gutenberg.
Who was Da Vinci?
An Italian painter and scientist. He was so smart he wrote in reverse so know one else could understand.
What was very important during the Renaissance?
Religion.
Who was in every classic Roman background?
Jesus and Mary.
Who were the famous artists of the time?
Donatello, Raphael, and Michelangelo.
Who was Niccolo Machiavelli?
An Italian writer, who wrote the prince.
What did Niccolo Machiavelli suggest?
That rulers be ruthless.
What was the catholic church concerned with?
Worldly possessions, not the souls of the people who believe.
What were huge profits made of?
Marriages and Baptisms.
What was the biggest money maker?
Indulgences.
What is an indulgence?
A fee you pay that gives you a license to sin.
What two things did the church do to deal with problems?
Excommunication and declared a heretic.
What did Martin Luther study?
Law.
What is purgatory?
A catholic doctrine, between heaven and Hell. A good person, with lots of sin.
What was Luther’s lasting impact?
