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World History > Big Unit Test > Flashcards

Big Unit Test Flashcards

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1
Q

Explain the four noble truths.

A

A belief that all life is suffering and the solution is to end all desire.

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2
Q

If you followed the eightfold path, what would you achieve?

A

Nirvana.

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3
Q

What is Nirvana?

A

The state of perfect piece and harmony.

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4
Q

Explain Siddhartha Guatama.

A

He was born into a wealthy family but rejected all possessions and chooses to focus on the roots of suffering.

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5
Q

Who was Asoka related to?

A

He was Chandragupta’s grandson.

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6
Q

What was Asoka responsible for?

A

The death of 100,000 people during the battle of Kalinga.

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7
Q

What happened after Asoka killed people?

A

He decided to reject violence and become Buddhist.

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8
Q

What did Asoka do with Buddhism?

A

He spread it to Asia and throughout the world.

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9
Q

What did Asoka create?

A

Asokan pillars that represented Buddhism.

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10
Q

When can Buddhists reach enlightenment?

A

Any time during their lifetime.

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11
Q

What do Hinduists believe about enlightenment?

A

That it takes many lifetimes to achieve peace with Brahma (enlightenment).

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12
Q

What does BCE stand for?

A

Before Common Era

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13
Q

What does CE stand for?

A

Common Era

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14
Q

What century is 576 BCE

A

6th century

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15
Q

What were some of the Indus River Valley Declines?

A

Invaders from the North
River Floods
Earthquakes

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16
Q

Who was Chandragupta?

A

A conquerer and a killer

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17
Q

What is a Dowry?

A

A financial payment to the groom from the bride’s family.

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18
Q

What is Confucianism?

A

An ethical system originated by Confucious that outlined social order and political behavior.

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19
Q

Confucious believed that harmony resulted when?

A

People accepted their place in society.

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20
Q

Who could take the civil service exam?

A

Any male.

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21
Q

What happened if you did well on the Civil Service Exam?

A

You were brought to the emperor’s court, got paid well, and were considered a genius.

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22
Q

True or False the exam still happens today?

A

True

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23
Q

List two places the silk road connects

A

China and Europe

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24
Q

What is the silk road?

A

A national road and trading system.

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25
Q

What did Shi Huangdi do to ensure stability?

A

He outlawed and burned many books.

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26
Q

What did Shi Huangdi use to consolidate power?

A

He used legalism by creating laws that would keep him in power.

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27
Q

What is legalism?

A

Strict following of the law.

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28
Q

What did Shi Huangdi accomplish?

A

He built various sections of the great wall.

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29
Q

What was the purpose of the great wall?

A

To protect china from the Huns and other invaders.

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30
Q

What did Shi Huangdi try to do so he can live forever?

A

Drink Mercury

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31
Q

What is the mandate of heaven?

A

The idea that a leaders power comes from a higher, more divine power.

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32
Q

What is an example of the mandate of heaven?

A

God chose our president, not the people.

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33
Q

Who ruled the Qin dynasty?

A

Shi Huangdi

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34
Q

What is Dharma?

A

The path of righteousness. Living your life and following the code of conduct. By following these laws, one can save themself from suffering.

35
Q

What is atman?

A

The spiritual principle of life. Translated into spirit, essence, soul, and breath. Knowing ones essential self and inner core.

36
Q

What is Moksha

A

Enlightment

37
Q

What is Hinduists’ ultimate goal of existence?

A

To reach Moksha (enlightenment).

38
Q

How can you get to Moksha?

A

You must follow various laws and the devotion of god.

39
Q

What did the caste system root in?

A

Their belief in reincarnation and karma.

40
Q

How many castes are there?

A

There are four main castes, though there are many non-main castes.

41
Q

What caused the Ummiyad Empire to fall?

A

The Byzantines and the Persians were weak and they had Jihad.

42
Q

What is Jihad?

A

Jihad is a justified attack for anyone who wanted to destroy Islam.

43
Q

Why did everyone want to go to Ghana?

A

They had lots of salt and gold and could make someone very wealthy.

44
Q

From highest to lowest what is the order of the caste system?

A

Brahmans (teachers or priests)
Kshatriyas (Farmers or traders)
Vaishyas (Farmer, merchant, or trader)
Shudras (Manual labor)

45
Q

Where was the Byzantine empire located?

A

Eastern portion of the old Roman Empire.

46
Q

What were the influences of the Byzantine empire?

A

Greek and Roman culture.

47
Q

What is the capital of Byzantine?

A

Constantinople

48
Q

Who was the Byzantine’s famous ruler?

A

Justinian

49
Q

What did Justinian do for the Byzantine empire?

A

He helped restore the empire and was successful at reclaiming land back in Rome.

50
Q

What was Justinian in charge of?

A

Spiritual and political power.

51
Q

What weakened the Byzantine empire?

A

Plagues and Constantinople were almost destroyed by fellow Christian armies in Italy’s 4th crusades.

52
Q

What was the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople?

A

The Byzantine Empire was falling apart and the Ottomans destroyed Constantinople and renamed it Istanbul.

53
Q

What is Monotheism?

A

The belief that there is only one god.

54
Q

What religion did the Torah belong to?

A

Judaism

55
Q

What is the Torah?

A

The first five books of the bible.

56
Q

What did the Sunnis believe?

A

That any Muslim could be the new Muhammad.

57
Q

What did the Shi’tis believe?

A

That the new ruler had to be blood-related to the old ruler.

58
Q

What was the longest standing empire?

A

Zhou

59
Q

What was the Byzantine impact on Russia

A

They sent missionaries to interact with the Russian slavs.

60
Q

What are the Slavs?

A

One of the first groups in Rome.

61
Q

Who was Constantine?

A

He made Christianity legal.

62
Q

Who was Muhammad?

A

The last profit and the founder of Islam.

63
Q

What did Delhi Sultanate achieve?

A

Trade connections between India and Muslim land.
Also diffused culture.

64
Q

What are the five pillars of Islam?

A
  1. The profession of faith - There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is his messenger.
  2. Prayer - Should be practiced 2 times a day.
  3. The giving of alms or to charity.
  4. Observing the month of Ramadam - In which Muslims fast from sun up to sundown.
  5. Hajj - The once-in-a-lifetime pilgrimage to Mecca, Muslims are expected to make it if they can afford it.
65
Q

What is the special tax for “people of the book”

A

An opposed tax on people who are non-Muslims if they wanted to keep their religion.

66
Q

What were the Ottomans known for?

A

They were known for gunpowder, cannons, and muskets.

67
Q

What was Safavids’ success?

A

The Shah Abbas.

68
Q

Who were the Shah Abbas?

A

A powerful military that modeled after the Janizaries.

69
Q

What did the Shah Abbas do?

A

They made alliances with the enemies of Ottomans and they reduced taxes on farmers.

70
Q

What was the decline of the Safavid empire?

A

The death of Shah Abbas and Ottaman conflicts.

71
Q

What was Islam’s appeal in India?

A

Islam was well received by members of the lower caste system. Islam taught that all people were equal and not referred to a lower class.

72
Q

Who was Sultan Suleiman?

A

He was a ruler in the Ottoman Empire.

73
Q

How did Camels influence trade?

A

Trade across the Sahara increased because it was now possible to travel across the Sahara.

74
Q

What transformed the kingdom of Ghana?

A

Tolls collected from gold and salt helped build the kingdom.

75
Q

What was Mansu Musu famous for?

A

His pilgrimage to Mecca.

76
Q

What was the impact of Mansu Musus hajj?

A

It increased the amount of trade between Mali and the Muslim empire.

77
Q

What did the Great Zimbabwe kingdom do?

A

They were landlocked, so they had to begin an extensive trade partnership with other African kingdoms along the coast.

78
Q

What were the 4 declines of Rome?

A

Political problems, frontier problems, social problems, and economic problems.

79
Q

Who practiced bloodletting?

A

The Mayans

80
Q

What did the Mayans accomplish?

A

They developed and advanced civilizations and they accomplished mathematics, astronomy, and invented an advanced form of writing.

81
Q

What did the Aztecs achieve?

A

They built Chinampas.

82
Q

What religion were the Aztecs?

A

Polytheistic

83
Q

What did the Incans accomplish?

A

Terrace farming and the quipu.

84
Q

What is the Quipu

A

An elaborate system using knots.

World History (57 decks)

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