Ultrasound 2

Question 1

Benefits of ultrasound:

Answer 1

Safe

Non-ionising radiation

Question 2

Risks of ultrasound:

Answer 2

Ultrasound energy has potential to produce biological effects on body

Question 3

What is lithotripsy?

Answer 3

Stones in urinary system are crushed into small particles and then excreted in urine

Question 4

How are stones crushed in lithotripsy?

Answer 4

Vibratory impulses generated by ultrasound shock waves

Question 5

What’s cavitation?

Answer 5

Ultrasound can heat tissues slightly which can produce small pockets of gas

Question 6

What was introduced to provide ultrasound operator with potential bio-effects?

Answer 6

Thermal index

Mechanical index

Question 7

What does the thermal index show?

Answer 7

Potential temperature rise in tissue

Question 8

What does mechanical index show?

Answer 8

Potential of an induced bio effect via non thermal mechanism e.g. cavitation

Question 9

What’s ALARA?

Answer 9

As low as reasonably achievable

Question 10

How can you keep ultrasound safe?

Answer 10

Perform scan only when indicated

Short examination

ALARA

Keep TI and MI below 1

Question 11

What may potential bio effects have the greatest significance on?

Answer 11

Embryo or foetus

Question 12

What’s POCUS?

Answer 12

Point-of-care ultrasound

Question 13

What is involved with POCUS?

Answer 13

Goal-directed

Bedside ultrasound examination

Question 14

When can POCUS be used?

Answer 14

Answer specific diagnostic question

To guide performance of invasive procedure

Question 15

What’s the angle of incidence?

Answer 15

Angle at which ultrasound waves encounter surface of structure

Perpendicular angle

Question 16

Importance of angle of incidence:

Answer 16

More ultrasound waves reflected back to transducer

Result in image with more definition

Question 17

How can an operator improve the image of the target?

Answer 17

Tilting or rotating the probe

This adjusts angle of incidence

Question 18

What is good at detecting synovitis?

Answer 18

Power Doppler - sensitive to low flow in small vessels

Question 19

What is FAST?

Answer 19

Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma

Question 20

What’s involved in FAST?

Answer 20

Limited ultrasound scan - used in emergency

Assesses patients admitted with blunt abdominal trauma

Question 21

Ultrasound scan: Getting started

Answer 21

Inset transducer

Flick locking catch upwards

Question 22

Ultrasound scan: Starting the scan

Answer 22

Select transducer if dual probe connector is being used

Select examination preset

Question 23

What do you do with LOGIQ V2 Scan Coach?

Answer 23

Select scan coach to start

Select desired tutorial using tracker ball

Press Ref to bring up example ultrasound image for a reference