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Week 7 - 12 > Ion Channels And Disease > Flashcards

Ion Channels And Disease Flashcards

1
Q

How can we measure the current that flows through an open ion channel?

A

Ohms law

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2
Q

Equation in Ohms law:

A

V = IR

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3
Q

Ohms law: V

A

Voltage in volts (typically mV)

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4
Q

Ohms law: I

A

Current in amperes (typically pA)

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5
Q

Ohms law: R

A

Resistance in ohms (typically MΩ)

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6
Q

What is used to measure the ionic currents involved in cellular functions?

A

Electrophysiological recording

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7
Q

What’s a patch clamp?

A

Direct recording of ionic currents from cell surface ion channels

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8
Q

What’s included in a patch clamp?

A

Amplifier -> digitiser -> computer

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9
Q

What’s a patch clamp recording used for?

A

Voltage-clamp and current recordings

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10
Q

What are planar lipid bilayer techniques?

A

Direct recording of ionic currents from intracellular ion channels

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11
Q

What’s included in planar lipid bilayer?

A

Amplifier -> Digitiser -> Computer

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12
Q

What’s a planar lipid bilayer used for?

A

Voltage-clamp recordings

Intracellular ion channels

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13
Q

What information can we obtain from single channel recordings?

A

What opens the channel

Single channel conductance

What ions flow through the channel (ion selectivity)

Inhibitors of the channel

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14
Q

What opens the channel?

A

Voltage

Ligands

Stretch

Light

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15
Q

How does voltage open the channel?

A

Changing membrane voltage in depolarising or hyperpolarisation direction

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16
Q

How do ligands open the channel?

A

Neurotransmitter binds and activates from outside cell

OR

2nd messenger binds at cytosolic surface and activates channel

17
Q

What stretch opens the channel?

A

Mechanosensitive channels

18
Q

What channels use light for activation?

A

Channelrhodopsin

19
Q

What doses single channel conductance mean?

A

How good a channel is at letting current through

20
Q

What are unitary NA+ currents like?

A

Fast activating and deactivating current

21
Q

What are unitary K+ currents like?

A

Slow activation

Doesn’t desensitise

22
Q

What is whole cell current equal to?

A

Products of number of channels, unitary current and probability of channel opening

23
Q

How do you determine which ions flow through the channel?

A

Clamp voltage across membrane patch + measure I open channel current

Construct current voltage relationship

24
Q

What’s Erev?

A

Reversal potential

25
Q

What should Erev correspond to?

A

Equilibrium potential of one of the ions in solution

26
Q

What inhibitor can inhibit Na+ channels?

A

Tetrodotoxin

27
Q

What inhibitor can inhibit K+ channels?

A

Tetraethylammonium

28
Q

What is influx of Ca+ important for?

A

Fertilisation

Proliferation

Secretion

Heart beat

Muscle contraction

29
Q

What can happen if Ca2+ balance isn’t regulated?

A

Apoptosis

Ischemia

Excitotoxicity

Cardiac arrhythmmias

Malignant hyperthermia

Week 7 - 12 (38 decks)

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