Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Week 7 - 12 > Spinal Nerves > Flashcards

Spinal Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What happens in a lumbar puncture?

A

Introduction of needle into subarachnoid space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where is needle inserted in lumbar puncture?

A

Below level of spinal cord termination - lower risk of spinal cord damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Uses of lumbar puncture:

A

CSF for analysis

Administration of drugs - intrathecal

Therapeutic

Specific investigations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Give examples of how lumbar puncture can be used in administration of drugs:

A

Local anaesthetic

Chemotherapy

Analgesics e.g. painkillers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Give examples of how lumbar puncture can be used in specific investigations:

A

Myelography and cisternography (in brain)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Contraindictions to lumbar puncture:

A

Raised intracranial pressure

Abnormal clotting or anticoagulant therapy

Local infection leading to risk of epidural abscess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Indications on body of where to have lumbar puncture:

A

Feel for iliac crest

Use L4 vertebral spinous process as a guide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Optimal anatomical location for lumbar puncture:

A

L2/3

L3/4

L4/5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Layers lumbar puncture goes through:

A

Skin

Subcutaneous tissue

Supraspinous ligament

Interspinous ligament

Ligamentum flavum

Epidural space

Dura mater

Arachnoid mater

Subarachnoid space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Mnemonic for layers lumbar puncture goes through:

A

SSS I LED AS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is CSF like?

A

Clear and colourless fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What produces CSF?

A

Choroid plexus

Ependymal cells in ependymal lining of ventricles of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What also contributes to CSF?

A

Extracellular fluid of brain parenchyma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What results can we obtain from collecting CSF?

A

Appearance

Opening pressure

Glucose

Protein

Gram stain and culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where are cell bodies of motor neurons found?

A

Ventral side spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What carries impulses from CNS to skeletal muscles?

A

Somatic motor efferents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Route of somatic motor efferents to skeletal muscles:

A

Leave ventral cord

Pass into corresponding dermatomyotome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How many somites contribute to an individual muscle?

A

More than one adjacent somite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does deltoid develop from?

A

Somites of C5 and C6 cord segments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is deltoid supplied by?

A

Nerves arising from segments C5 and C6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

When do somites develop?

A

Day 20-21

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What’s a myotome?

A

Group of muscles innervated by the same peripheral nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What can myotome be formed from?

A

More than one spinal cord segment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Clinical examination of myotome:

A

Examination of upper + lower limb

Measurement of muscle ‘power’

Isolation of action being tested

25
Q

Where do sensory neuron cell bodies lie?

A

In dorsal root ganglia, formed from neural crest cells

26
Q

What carries sensation from periphery to CNS?

A

Somatic sensory afferents

E.g. temperature, pain, touch, proprioception

27
Q

What does each somite give rise to?

A

A dermatome

28
Q

What does the dermatome do?

A

Sends somatic sensory fibres to the segment of spinal cord adjacent to the corresponding somite

29
Q

What’s a dermatome?

A

Area of skin innervated by a single spinal segment

30
Q

What’s the spinal cord divided into?

A

Segments (related to each somite)

31
Q

What does each spinal cord segment have?

A

A pair of spinal nerves

32
Q

Number of segments in cervical:

A

8

33
Q

Number of segments in thoracic:

A

12

34
Q

Number of segments in lumbar:

A

5

35
Q

Number of segments in sacral:

A

5

36
Q

Number of segments in coccygeal:

A

1

37
Q

What’s each segment of spinal cord associated with?

A

Each somite that formed the dermatomyotome

38
Q

Constituents of spinal nerve: Motor

A

Motor neurons innervate the associated myotome

39
Q

Constituents of spinal nerve: Sensory

A

Sensory neurons innervate the corresponding dermis

40
Q

Constituents of spinal nerve: Sympathetic

A

Sympathetic neurons to body wall structures (sweat glands) are only in T1-L2

41
Q

What is sympathetic outflow found?

A

Thoracolumbar

42
Q

Where is cell body of sympathetic neuron found?

A

Lateral horn (T1-L2)

43
Q

Where is cell body of motor neuron found?

A

Anterior/ventral horn

44
Q

Where does sensory neuron leave?

A

Dorsal/posterior horn

45
Q

Where is sensory neuron cell body found?

A

Dorsal root ganglion

46
Q

Where do neurons pass through after leaving grey matter?

A

Intravertebral foramen

47
Q

Which root does sensory neuron travel through?

A

Dorsal root

48
Q

Which root does motor neuron travel through?

A

Ventral root

49
Q

Which root does sympathetic neuron travel through?

A

Ventral root

50
Q

What does dorsal ramus supply?

A

Erector spinae muscles

51
Q

What does ventral ramus supply?

A

Body wall and limb plexuses

52
Q

What neurons are in posterior/dorsal ramus?

A

Sensory and motor

53
Q

What neurons are in anterior/ventral ramus?

A

Sensory and Motor

54
Q

Where are rami comunicantes found?

A

Near sympathetic ganglion

55
Q

Where is grey ramis cominicans found?

A

All levels

56
Q

Where is white ramus communicans found?

A

T1-L2

57
Q

Role of posterior ramus:

A

Motor to intrinsic back muscles

Sensation to skin over back

58
Q

Role of anterior ramus:

A

Motor innervation to chest wall muscles

Sensation to lateral and anterior chest wall

Week 7 - 12 (38 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions