TST chapter 5

Question 1

To perform proper ladder evolutions firefighters must?

Answer 1

be physically fit . with special emphasis on upper body strength and employ proper body mechanics and ladder handling techniques.

Question 2

Most common types of ground ladders?

Answer 2

*single {straight} ladder
*roof ladder
*folding {attic} ladder
*extension ladder
*combination ladder

Question 3

most critical factor to selecting a ground ladder is?

Answer 3

• primary objective {rescue,
  window,or roof access}
• fire size and location
• current and expected fire behaior

Question 4

The ideal climbing angle for ground ladders is?

Answer 4

75 degrees from horizontal

Question 5

The ladder selected must not only be?

Answer 5

long enough to reach the objective at a safe climbing angle , but must also extend three to five rungs above any parapet or roof eave

Question 6

Pole ladder

Answer 6

Large extension ladder that requires tormentor poles to steady the ladder as it is raised and lowered , Also called Bangor Ladder.

Question 7

Staypoles

Answer 7

poles attached to long extension ladders to assist in raising and steadying the ladder. some poles are permanently attached , and some are removable, also called tormentor poles.

Question 8

fly section

Answer 8

extendable section of the ground externsion or aerial ladder

Question 9

spurd

Answer 9

metal points at the end of a ladder or staypoles

Question 10

if a ladder is to be used for positioning a FF to break a window for ventilation

Answer 10

it should be placed alongside the window to the windward {upwind} side. the tip should be even with upper portion of window

Question 11

ladder placement guidelines include the following

Answer 11

*Ladder at least two points on different sides of a building for foor acces/ egress
* avoid placing ladders over door or window openings where they may be exposed to flames or excessive heat.
* place ladders at building strong points{such as corners}when possible
*place tip of ladder above window opening when using a smoke ejector
*avoid placing ladders where may come in contact with overhead obstructions …wires,limbs,signs
*avoid uneven or soft surfaces
*avoid placing ladders in front of doors or path ways of FF may need to use
*avoid icy sidewalks …over trap doors….deadlights
*do not place ladders against unstable walls or surface
*communicate ladder locations to interior crews so they can be used for emergeny egress

Question 12

in absence of a aerial device…..

Answer 12

ground ladders are the primary means of gaining acces to the roof of structures up to 4 stories in height

Question 13

Intake strainers can?

Answer 13

be kept off the bottom of the water source during drafting using ground ladder

Question 14

Bridging when necessary to save lives between 2 buildings

Answer 14

if the gap between the buildings is not more than one-third its length, a single ladder can be laid on the roof of one building and the tip simply slid over to other building…..same technique can be used from window to window, roof to window, or vice versa.

Question 15

Bridging a ladder more than one-third of distance a different technique is used

Answer 15

guide ropes are tied to top of each beam and used to lower the ladder into place with on FF heeling the ladder