RST chapter 1 Flashcards
oxidizers
are not combustible but will support or enhance comdustion
combustion
a chemical process of oxidation that occurs at a rate fast enough to produce heat and light form of glow or flame
fire
a rapid oxidation process which is a gas phase reaction resulting in the evolution of light and heat in varying intensities
heat
form of energy associated with the motion of atoms or molecules in solids of liquids that transferred from a body to another
energy
capacity to perform work
kinetic energy
energy that a moving object posesses
time line of oxidation
rust……smoldering fire…..methane burning……explosion
types of energy
chemical…..thermal….mechanical…..electrical…………light…..nuclear……sound
potential energy
amount of energy that an object can release ar some point in the future
fire triangle
oxygen ….fuel…..heat….
fire tetrahedron
four sides….fuel……heat….oxygen…..chemical chain reaction
autoignition
initiation of combustion by heat but without a spark or flame
boiling point of water
212 degrees
room temperature
68 degrees
mechanical energy
friction or compression
conduction
transfer of heat thru and between solids
convection
transfer energy by the circulation or movement of a fluid (liquid or gas)
radiation
transmission of energy as electromagnetic waves such as light waves , radio waves, x rays,
vapor density
density of gases in relation to air.
air has the vapor density of 1….less than 1 it will rise
greater than 1 it will sink
surface to mass ratio
ratio of the surface area of the fuel to the mass of fuel
growth stage
when rapid fire development usually occurs
neutral plane
interface between the hot gas layers and the cool layer of air
flashover
rapid transition from growth stage to the fully developed stage
backdraft
instantaneous explosion or rapid burning of superheated gases that occurs when oxygen is introduced
smoke explosion
occurs when a mixture of unburned fuel gases and oxygen comes in contact with an ignition source
hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is ___________times more toxic than carbon monoxide (CO)
35
at normal ambient temperatures materials can ignite and burn at oxygen concentrations as low as ?
15%
Radiated heat begins to transfer more heat than convection?
When flames reach 2.5 feet high
Studies has shown that scba face pieces begin to fail after 5 minutes of exposure to heat flux of ?
15KW/m2
preincident planning
- occupancy type
- industrial process conducted on site
- hazardous materials in the vicinity
- location and function of fire protectionsystem controls and outlets
- building access routes
- utilities present
ADA accessibilty requirements
- building entrances
- parking and loading zones
- elevators
- alarms (visible or audible)
- means of egress
NFPA220 …three digit number code….4-4-3 or 3-3-2
- first digit - fire resistance in hours of exterior walls
- second digit - structural frames or columns and girders that support loads more than one floor
- third digit- floor construction
concrete has
high compressive strength but low tensile strength
