Treatment Procesures Of The Skeletal System Flashcards
Bone marrow transplant
- used to treat certain types of cancer
- leukemia, lymphomas
- initially both cancer cells and patients bone marrow are destroyed with high intensity radiation and chemotherapy
- next, healthy bone marrow cells are transfused
Stem cells
- produced by bone marrow develop into blood cells
Types of bone marrow transplant
- Allogenic
- originating within another
- uses healthy bone marrow cells from compatible donor ( often sibling) - Autologous
- originating within h an individual
- patient receives their own bone marrow
- harvested, cleansed, treated and stored before
-
Orthotic
- shoe insert
- leg brace
- splint
- to correct or compensate for impaired limb function
Prosthesis
- substitute for missing body part
Joint
Arthrodesis
Arth- joint
DESIS- bind, tie together
- known as ‘ surgical ankylosis ‘
- surgical fusion of two bones to stiffen joint
- to treat severe arthritis or damaged joint
Arthrolysis
Arth= joint
Lysis = loosening or setting free
- surgical loosening of an ankyloses joint
Arthroscopic surgery
- minimally invasive procedure for treatment of interior of joint
- Eg torn cartilage removed with use of arthroscope and instruments inserted through small incision
Chondroplasty
Chondr= cartilage
PLASTY - surgical repair
Surgical repair of damaged cartilage
Synovectomy
- surgical removal of synovial membrane from joint
- endoscopic procedure
- repair joint damage by rheumatid arthritis
Arthroplasty
PLASTY = surgical repair
Surgical repair of damaged joint
Spinal column
Percutaneous diskectomy
Percutaneous = performed through skin
- treat herniated disk
- thin tube is introduced through skin of the back
- suction out the disk or vaporize with laser
Percutaneous vertebroplasty
- treat osteoporosis related compression fractures
- bone cement injected to stabilize compression fractures in the spinal column
Laminectomy
Lamin= lamina
- surgical removal of lamina or posterior portion of vertebrae
Spinal fusion
- immobilize part of spine by fusing two or more vertebrae
Bones
Craniectomy
- surgical removal of portion of skull
- relieve intracranial pressure
Craniotomy
Otomy = surgical incision
- surgical opening of skull
- to remove tumor from brain
- reduce inter cranial pressure
Cranioplasty
- surgical repair (plasty) of skull
Osteoclasis
Osteo- bone
Clasis= break
- surgical fracturing of bone to correct deformity
Ostectomy
Surgical removal of bone
Osteorraphy
- surgical suturing or wiring together of bones
Osteotomy
Otomy= surgical incision
Surgical cutting of bone
Periosteotomy
Peri - surrounding
Otomy- surgical incision
- incision through periosteum
Treatment of fractures
Closed reduction
- also known as manipulation
- non surgical
- realignment of broken bone or silicates joint manually
- immobilize with cast
Open reduction
- surgical realignment of bones
Immobilization
- known as stabilization
- cast
Traction
Pulling force exerted on limb in distal direction to realign bone or joint
External fixation
- fracture treatment procedure
- pins are placed through soft tissue and bone
- an external appliance used to hold bone in place
- after healing external appliance removed
Internal fixation
- known as ‘ open reduction interna fixation ‘
- plates or pins placed directly into bone to hold in place
- fixation not removed after healing
