Treatment Procesures Of The Skeletal System

Question 1

Bone marrow transplant

Answer 1

• used to treat certain types of cancer
• leukemia, lymphomas
• initially both cancer cells and patients bone marrow are destroyed with high intensity radiation and chemotherapy
• next, healthy bone marrow cells are transfused

Question 2

Stem cells

Answer 2

• produced by bone marrow develop into blood cells

Question 3

Types of bone marrow transplant

Answer 3

1. Allogenic
   - originating within another
   - uses healthy bone marrow cells from compatible donor ( often sibling)
2. Autologous
   - originating within h an individual
   - patient receives their own bone marrow
   - harvested, cleansed, treated and stored before
   -

Question 4

Orthotic

Answer 4

• shoe insert
• leg brace
• splint
• to correct or compensate for impaired limb function

Question 5

Prosthesis

Answer 5

• substitute for missing body part

Question 6

Joint

Arthrodesis
Arth- joint
DESIS- bind, tie together

Answer 6

• known as ‘ surgical ankylosis ‘
• surgical fusion of two bones to stiffen joint
• to treat severe arthritis or damaged joint

Question 7

Arthrolysis
Arth= joint
Lysis = loosening or setting free

Answer 7

• surgical loosening of an ankyloses joint

Question 8

Arthroscopic surgery

Answer 8

• minimally invasive procedure for treatment of interior of joint
• Eg torn cartilage removed with use of arthroscope and instruments inserted through small incision

Question 9

Chondroplasty

Chondr= cartilage
PLASTY - surgical repair

Answer 9

Surgical repair of damaged cartilage

Question 10

Synovectomy

Answer 10

• surgical removal of synovial membrane from joint
• endoscopic procedure
• repair joint damage by rheumatid arthritis

Question 11

Arthroplasty

PLASTY = surgical repair

Answer 11

Surgical repair of damaged joint

Question 12

Spinal column
Percutaneous diskectomy
Percutaneous = performed through skin

Answer 12

• treat herniated disk
• thin tube is introduced through skin of the back
• suction out the disk or vaporize with laser

Question 13

Percutaneous vertebroplasty

Answer 13

• treat osteoporosis related compression fractures

- bone cement injected to stabilize compression fractures in the spinal column

Question 14

Laminectomy

Lamin= lamina

Answer 14

• surgical removal of lamina or posterior portion of vertebrae

Question 15

Spinal fusion

Answer 15

• immobilize part of spine by fusing two or more vertebrae

Question 16

Bones

Craniectomy

Answer 16

• surgical removal of portion of skull

- relieve intracranial pressure

Question 17

Craniotomy

Otomy = surgical incision

Answer 17

• surgical opening of skull
• to remove tumor from brain
• reduce inter cranial pressure

Question 18

Cranioplasty

Answer 18

• surgical repair (plasty) of skull

Question 19

Osteoclasis
Osteo- bone
Clasis= break

Answer 19

• surgical fracturing of bone to correct deformity

Question 20

Ostectomy

Answer 20

Surgical removal of bone

Question 21

Osteorraphy

Answer 21

• surgical suturing or wiring together of bones

Question 22

Osteotomy

Otomy= surgical incision

Answer 22

Surgical cutting of bone

Question 23

Periosteotomy
Peri - surrounding
Otomy- surgical incision

Answer 23

• incision through periosteum

Question 24

Treatment of fractures

Closed reduction

Answer 24

• also known as manipulation
• non surgical
• realignment of broken bone or silicates joint manually
• immobilize with cast

Question 25

Open reduction

Answer 25

• surgical realignment of bones

Question 26

Immobilization

Answer 26

• known as stabilization

- cast

Question 27

Traction

Answer 27

Pulling force exerted on limb in distal direction to realign bone or joint

Question 28

External fixation

• fracture treatment procedure
• pins are placed through soft tissue and bone
• an external appliance used to hold bone in place
• after healing external appliance removed

Answer 28

Internal fixation

• known as ‘ open reduction interna fixation ‘
• plates or pins placed directly into bone to hold in place
• fixation not removed after healing