Mod 8: Pathology Digestive Sys Flashcards
Tissues of oral cavity
Aphthous ulcers
- canker sores
Cheilosis
- knows as cheilitis
- disorder in lips
Herpes labialis
- cold sores or fever blisters
Leukoplakia
- benign lesion
Stomatitis
- inflammation of mucosa of mouth
Stomatomycosis
- disease of mouth due to fungus
Oral thrush
- fungus candida albivans
Trismus
- restriction to opening of mouth
Xerostomia
- dry mouth
Cleft lip
- harelip
- lip and nose area
Cleft palate
- failure of the palate to close during fetal development
Dental disease and conditikn
Bruxism
- involuntary grinding of teeth
Dental Caries
- tooth decay or cavity
Edentulous
- situation where permanent teeth have been lost
Halitosis
- bad breath
Malocclusion
- deviation from normal positioning of upper teeth against lower teeth
Periodontal disease - periodontitis
Dental calculus
- tartar
Gingivitis
- gum disease
- gingiv means gum
Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG)
- trench mouth
- bacteria in mouth
-Causes tissue death
Esophagus
Dysphagia
- dys = difficult
- phagia= swallowing
- difficulty in swallowing
Eosinophilic esophagitis
- chronic immune system disease
- white blood cell - eosinophil builds up in esophagus
-
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
- GERD
- upflow of acid from stomach
Barrett’s esophagus
- cells in epithelial tissue of the esophagus are damaged by acid exposure
Stricture
- abnormal narrowing of body passage
- this case the esophagus
Pyrosis
- heartburn
Esophageal varices
- enlarged swollen veins at bottom of esophagus
Hiatal hernia
- let of stomach protrudes into the chest through opening in diaphragm
- hiat( opening)
Stomach
Gastritis
- inflammation of stomach lining
- caused by HPylori
Gastroenteritis
-Inflammation of mucous membranes lining stomach and intestines
Gastroparesis
- stomach muscles slow down and work poorly
Gastrorrhea
-excessive secretion of gastric juice
Peptic ulcers
- caused by HPylori
- sores in stomach
Gastric ulcers - peptic ulcers in stomach
Duodenal ulcers - ulcer in duodenum( upper part of small intestine)
Perforating ulcer - ulcer erodes through the entire thickness of the organ wall
Nutritional disorders
Anorexia
- loss of appetite for food
Cachexia
- physical wasting away due to weight loss
- AIDS , advanced cancer
Dehydration
Malnutrition
Malabsorption- small intestine is unable to absorb nutrients from food that pass through it
Indigestion and vomiting
Aerophagia
- excessive swallowing of air while eating
Dyspepsia
- painful indigestion
Dys- painful
Pepsia- digestion
Emesis
- vomiting
Eructation
-belching
Hematemesis
-vomiting of blood
Hyperemesis
- extreme vomiting
Nausea
Regurgitate
Intestinal disorders
Celiac disease
- gluten allergy
Gluten / lactose intolerance
Colorectal carcinoma
- colon cancer
Polyp
- mushroom like growth in surface of mucous membrane
Diverticulosis- abnormal amount of diverticula in the colon
Diverticulum- small ouch or sac found in lining or wall of colon
Diverticulitis- inflammation or infection of one or more diverticulum
in the colon
Enteritis- inflammation of small intestine becos of bacteria or virus
Ischemic colitis - part of large intestine is partially or completely deprived of blood
ILEUS
- partial or complete blockage of small or large intestine
- paralytic ileus
Postoperative ileus- temporary pause of bowel movement post abdominal surgery
IBS
- irritable bowel syndrome
IBD
- inflammatory bowel disease
- 2 most common
- Ulcerative colitis - chronic , inflammation in rectum cause ulcers
- crohns disease - chronic - incurable
Volvulus
Intussusception
Inguinal hernia
Strangulated hernia
Infectious diseases of intestine
1. Clostridium difficile
- also known as c.diff
- bacterial infection among older adults in long time hospital care . After antibiotic treatment
Dysentery
- bacterial
E.coli
- bacterium Escherichia coli
Anorectal disorders
Anal fissure
Bowel incontinence
Constipation
Recto cele
- cele- hernia
- bulging of front part of rectum into vagina
Abnormal stools
Hematochezia
- bright red blood in stool
- bottom of digestive tract
Melena
-old blood in stool
- from upper digestive tract
Steatorrhea
- excess fat in stool
- foamy stool
- pancreas disease , removal of gallbladder , malabsorption disorder
Liver
Ascites
- abnormal accumulation of serous(watery) fluid in the peritoneal cavity
- severe liver disease
Hepatomegaly
- abnormal enlargement of liver
Hepatitis
- inflammation of liver
- viral
Hep A -
Cirrhosis
- degenerative disease of liver
- alcohol consumption or Viral HepB
- liver fills with fat m
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
- advanced for if non fatty liver disease
- can lead to cirrhosis or liver cancer
Gallbladder
Cholangitis
- cholang=bile duct
- - inflammation of bile duct
-
Cholecystitis
- inflammation of gall bladder
- gallstones block the flow of bile
Gallstone
- known as cholelith
Cholelithiasis
- presence of gallstones in gallbladder
Biliary colic
- pain caused by passage of gallstone
Pancreas
