Mod 8 : Diagnostic / Treatment Procedures

Question 1

Diagnostic procedure

Answer 1

Abdominal computed tomography (CT)
Abdominal ultrasound

Cholangiography
- bile duct

Enema

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
- endoscopy for upper GI tract

Barium swallow- upper GI
Barium enema- lower GI

Stool sample

Question 2

Endoscopic procedure

Answer 2

Endoscope

Anoscopy
Capsule endoscopy

Screening of colorectal carcinoma
- colonoscopy
- sigmoidoscopy
- Hemoccult test - to find hidden blood in stool
- Cologuard - at home stool test to determine cancer and hidden blood in stool

Question 3

Treatment procedures

Antioxidants and Probiotics

Antioxidants
- prevent cell damage by blocking harmful free radicals
- fruits, beans, berries, nuts, dark chocolate

Prebiotics- non digestible carbohydrates that probiotics feed on

Question 4

Medications

Antacids

Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)
Antiemetic
Laxatives
Antimotility drugs

IV fluids

Oral hydration therapy - electrolytes

Question 5

Oral cavity and esophagus

Dental prophylaxis
- dental cleaning

Dental implant
- crown, bridge, denture

Root canal

Gingivectomy

Maxillofacial surgery

Palatoplasty
Surgical repair of cleft palate

Question 6

Stomach

Gastrectomy
- surgical removal of all or part of stomach

Nasogastric intubation
- NG tube

Gastrostomy tube
- tube directly to stomach supplying nutrients
G- tube

Total parenteral nutrition
- nutrient administered through IV

Answer 6

Bariatric surgery

Question 7

Intestines

Colectomy
- surgical removal or all or part of colon

Colotomy
-surgical incision into the colon

Diverticulectomy
- surgical removal of diverticulum

Gastroduodenostomy
- anastomosis’ bet upper portion of stomach & duodenum

Anastomosis
- surgical connection between two tubular structures

Ileectomy
Surgical removal of ileum

Answer 7

Ostomies
Ostomy - surgical opening betw and organ and body surface
1. Ileostomy
- ostomy between ileum and outside abdominal wall
2. Colostomy
- ostkmy bet Colin and body surface

3.

Question 8

Rectum and anus

Hemorrhoidectomy

Proctopexy
- surgical fixation of prolapsed rectum to adjacent tissue or organ

Question 9

Liver

Hepatectomy
- surgical removal of all or part of liver

Liver transplant

Question 10

Gallbladder

Choledocholithotomy
- incision in bile duct to remove gallstone
- choledoch=common bile

Cholecystectomy
- removal of gall bladder