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W/Physiology > Topic 7.1 > Flashcards

Topic 7.1 Flashcards

1
Q

Which cell produces GH?

A

somatotropic cell

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2
Q

Which cell produces prolactin?

A

mammotropic cell (aka lactotrope cell)

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3
Q

Which GH-like hormones are produced by placenta? (2°

A
  • Human chorion sommatomammotropin (HCS) aka human placental lactogen
  • Placental growth hormone
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4
Q

What is galactoria?

A

Leakage of milk in prolactinoma

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5
Q

Which cell produces TSH?

A

thyrotropic cell

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6
Q

Which cell produces FSH and LH?

A

gonadotropic cell

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7
Q

Which glycoprotein hormone does the placenta produce?

A

Human chorion gonadotropin

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8
Q

What is POMC?

A

pro opio melanocortin

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9
Q

Which neurons have Beta endorphin nt?

A

Opioid neurons (endogenous opioid)

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10
Q

Which cell produces ACTH?

A

corticotropic cell

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11
Q

On what does ACTH have an effect?

A

On the fasciculate layer of the adrenal cortex

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12
Q

Link between ACTH and alpha MSH?

A

alpha MSH is equivalent to the first 13 AA of ACTH

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13
Q

What type of receptor is GnRH coupled to?

A

Gs coupled

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14
Q

What type of receptor is TRH coupled to?

A

Gq

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15
Q

What type of secretion does GnRH have?

A

pulsatile secretion every 1-3 hours

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16
Q

Which GnRH analogue is used in prostate cancer?

A

Buserelin

17
Q

What receptor is CRH coupled to?

A

Gs coupled

18
Q

Which cell produces vasopressin? (2)

A

Parvocellular cell or magnocellular cell

19
Q

What can AVP regulate? (2)

A
  • stress production of cortisol

- H20 retention

20
Q

Which receptors is AVP coupled to?

A
  • V1bR : Gq coupled, for ACTH increase

- V2R : Gs coupled, for H20 regulation

21
Q

What are the effects of somatostatin?

A

decrease GH and TSH production

22
Q

What type of receptor for somatostatin?

A

SST-R type 2 or 5 : gi coupled

23
Q

What is octreotide?

A

a sst analog, more potent inhibitor

24
Q

Which dopamine receptor regulates PRL?

A

type 2 dopamine R, Gi coupled

25
Q

What is a T2 dopamine R agonist?

A

bromocriptine

26
Q

6 ways to induce large GH secretion?

A
  • Hypoglycaemia
  • Fasting
  • Physical exercise, stress
  • Clonidine (alpha 2 ADR agonist)
  • sleeping
  • basic AA
27
Q

GH secretion in children and in adults

A

Child : 5-8 ng/mL

Adult : 2-3 ng/mL

28
Q

Which family does the GH receptor belong to?

A

cytokine family

29
Q

Acute effects of GH (3)

A
  • Increase plasma [glucose]
  • Increase plasma [FFA]
  • Increase protein synthesis
30
Q

Chronic effects of GH (4)

A
  • Bone length growth
  • Perichondrocyte -> chondrocyte differenciation
  • Collagen synthesis increase
  • General organ tissue growth
31
Q

What does GH deficiency in childhood lead to?

A

pituitary dwarfism (nanosomia)

32
Q

What does GH overproduction in adulthood lead to?

A

acromegaly

33
Q

What are somatomedins?

A

Local growth factors produced by the target tissue

W/Physiology (31 decks)

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