Important parameters semester 1 Flashcards
Body water content
0.6 x BW = 42L
Blood volume
PV / (1 - HMC) = 5L
Plasma volume
0.25 x ECF = 3.5L
ECF volume
0.2 x BW = 14L
ICF volume
0.4 x BW = 28L
Interstitial fluid volume
0.75 x ECF = 10.5L
Hematocrit
Males : 42 to 54 %
Females : 38 - 46 %
Hemoglobin concentration
12g/dL or higher
Blood plasma Na+ concentration
142mM
Blood plasma K+ concentration
4.4mM
Blood plasma Ca2+ concentrations
Total : 2.1-2.8mM
Free : 1.1-1.4mM
Blood plasma Cl- concentration
102mM
Blood plasma HCO3- concentration
2.5mM
Blood plasma protein concentration
1mM
Intracellular Na+ concentration
15mM
Extracellular Na+ concentration
135-147mM
Intracellular K+ concentration
120mM
Cytosolic Ca2+ concentration
100nM
Intracellular Cl- concentration
20mM
Intracellular HCO3- concentration
12-16mM
Blood plasma osmolarity and oncotic pressure
290mOsm/L and 28mmHg
Resting membrane potential of skeletal muscle cells
-90mV
Equilibrium potential of Na+ in neurons
+60mV
Equilibrium potential of K+ in neurons
-90mV
Equilibrium potential of Ca2+ in neurons
130mV
Equilibrium potential of Cl- in neurons
-70mV
Resting membrane potential of neurons
Around -70mV but changes depending on neuron
Duration of QRS coomplex of ECG
0.06 - 0.1s
Duration of P wave of ECG
0.08 - 0.1s
Duration of PQ (PR) interval
0.1 - 0.2s
Amplitude of R and T wave in ECG II lead
R: 0,4-1,3 mV
T: 0,1-0,6 mV
Stroke volume
EDV-ESV = 80mL
Amplitude of ST segment of ECG
supposed to be isoelectric (flat) so 0-1mV
Duration of cardiac cycle (HR = 75/min)
T = 60 / HR = 0.8 seconds (would be 1 if HR = 60)
Duration of systole (HR = 75/min)
0.27 seconds
Duration of diastole (HR = 75/min)
0.53 seconds
Systolic pressure in the aorta
120 mmHg
Diastolic pressure in the aorta
80 mmHg
Systolic pressure in the right ventricle
Less than 25 mmHg
Diastolic pressure in the right ventricle
Less than 5 mmHg
Systolic pressure in the left ventricle
About 110-120 mmHg
Diastolic pressure in the left ventricle
Low : about 5-10 mmHg
Systolic pressure in the pulmonary artery
Around 25 mmHg
Diastolic pressure in the pulmonary artery
Around 10 mmHg
Central venous pressure (BP in the vena cavae)
0-5 mmHg
Blood flow to skeletal muscle (during exercise too)
About 20% of the cardiac output so 1L/min, and 20L/min during max exercise
Blood flow to splanchnic area at rest and at max exercise
25% of CO so 1,25L/min at rest
700mL/min at exercise
Blood flow of heart
Coronary circulation is about 5% of the CO so 250mL/min
Renal blood flow
1200-1300 mL/min
Cerebrospinal fluid volume (/day, /hour, in general)
500mL produced / day, 25mL / hour
In general there is only 15-150mL present
Protein concentration of CSF
nearly protein free
Blood flow of brain
15-20% of CO so 850mL/min
Blood flow of skin
2% of CO so 100mL/min
Hydrostatic capillary pressure in arteriolar end and venular end
+32mmHg at arterial end
+25mmHg at venous end
Oxygen consumption in 1 minute
Approximately 250mL/min
Residual volume M and F
M : 1200 mL
F : 1000 mL
Expiratory reserve volume M and F
M : 1200 mL
F : 800 mL
Inspiratory reserve volume M and F
M : 3100 mL
F : 1900 mL
Tidal volume
500mL
Vital capacity M and F
M : 4800 mL
F : 3200 mL
Total lung capacity M and F
M : 6000 mL
F : 4200 mL
Functional residual capacity
M : 2400 mL
F : 1800 mL
Anatomical deadspace
volume of gas in the conducting system : 150mL
Alveolar deadspace
volume of the alveoli that is ventilated but not perfused : 0mL in physio conditions
Physiological deadspace
Anatomical + alveolar = 150mL
Alveolar ventilation
VA = (VCO2 * 863mmHg)/(PaCO2), around 4000mL/min
AVDO2 in the kidney
15mL O2/L
AVDO2 in the splanchnic area
30-40mL O2/L
AVDO2 in the brain
60mL O2/L
AVDO2 in the heart in resting condition and during exercise
rest: 110 ml O2/L (60-80% is extracted)
for exercise: increase = increase in blood flow, extraction already at max
AVDO2 in the skeletal muscle in resting condition and during physical exercise
60mL O2/L at rest
150mL O2/L during exercise
Conduction velocity of different type of nerves
A-alpha (myelinated): 80-120 m/s
A-beta (myelinated): 40-70 m/s
B: (myelinated) 5-20 m/s
C (non-myelinated): 0,5-2 m/s
Duration of ventricular ejection (HR = 75/min)
0,25s
Duration of ventricular filling (HR = 75/min)
0,44s
Effective filtration pressure of capillaries in the arteriolar end and in the venular end
Artery : +15mmHg
Venous : -9mmHg
AVDO2 in the systemic circulation
50mL 02/L
Intrapleural pressure and alveolar pressure during inspiration
Intrapleural pressure= -7 to -4 mmHg
alveolar pressure= -0,7-0 mmHg
Intrapleural pressure and alveolar pressure during expiration
Intrapleural pressure= -7 to -4mmHg
alveolar pressure= -0,7-0 mmHg
Intrapleural pressure and alveolar pressure at the end of inspiration
Intrapleural pressure= -7 mmHg
alveolar pressure= 0 mmHg
Intrapleural pressure and alveolar pressure at the end of expiration
Intrapleural pressure= -4 mmHg
alveolar pressure= 0 mmHg
PO2 and PCO2 of the alveolar gas
PO2 : 100mmHg
PCO2 : 40mmHg
PO2 and PCO2 in the arteries
PO2 : 95mmHg
PCO2 : 40mmHg
PO2 and PCO2 in the veins
PO2 : 40mmHg
PCO2 : 46mmHg
Concentration of O2 in the arteries
200ml O2/L (97% saturation)
Concentration of O2 in the veins
150ml O2/L (75% saturation)
CO2 production in resting condition
210mL/min
Renal plasma flow
600-700mL/min
Glomerular filtration rate
120mL/min
Filtration fraction (kidney)
20%
Hydrostatic pressure in AFFERENT glomerular capillaries
53mmHg
Colloid osmotic pressure in AFFERENT glomerular capillaries
25mmHg
Hydrostatic pressure in EFFERENT glomerular capillaries
51mmHg
Colloid osmotic pressure in EFFERENT glomerular capillaries
33mmHg
Hydrostatic pressure in Bowman’s space
12mmHg (afferent and efferent)
Colloid osmotic pressure in Bowman’s space
0mmHg (afferent and efferent)
Effective filtration pressure in the glomerular afferent and efferent capillaries
Afferent : 15mmHg
Efferent : 6mmHg
Urine volume (maximal concentration)
0,5L/day
Urine osmolarity (maximal concentration)
1200mOsm/L
Urine volume (max dilution)
15-20L/day
Urine osmolarity (max dilution)
30-50mOsm/L
Osmotic concentration and pressure in the proximal tubule
290mOsm and 300mmHg
Osmotic concentration and pressure in the interstitium in the cortex
290mOsm and 300mmHg
Transport maximum of tubular glucose-reabsorbtion
375mg/min 11mM
Buffer base
44-49 mEq/L
Arterial blood pH
7.35-7.45
Base excess
Around 0 mEq/L
Standard HCO3-
24mmol/L
Actual HCO3-
24mmol/L
