Thorax and breathing Flashcards
What are the three compartments of the thorax?
Right pleural
Left pleural
Mediastinum
What is the type of cartilage found on the ribs?
Costal cartilage (hyalnine)
What is the pectoral girdle?
Bones which connect to the arm on each side
Clavicle (collar bone)
Scapula (shoulder blade)
What is the costochondral joint?
Joint between the costal cartilage and ribs
What ribs are ‘true ribs’?
1-7, their costal cartilage links directly with the sternum
What ribs are ‘false ribs’?
8-10, their costal cartilages are attached to the cartilage of the higher rib
What ribs are ‘floating ribs’?
11 and 12
These are short ribs that do not attach to the sternum at all, instead their small costal cartilages terminate within the musculature of the lateral abdominal wall
What is intercostal space?
Space between the ribs
What intervertebral disc?
Discs between the vertebra
What is the sternal angle?
Landmark for the 2nd rib
What is the mediastinum?
Central component of the thoracic cavity, surrounded by the left and right pleural sacs.
What is the role of the superior and inferior vena cava?
Drains venous blood from the head and neck and above the level of the heart; and below the level of the heart. Both these vessels enter into the right atrium of the heart.
Role of internal jugular veins?
Right and left internal jugular veins drain from the head and neck, inc the brain down to join the right and left subclavian veins.
What is the longus colli?
paired muscle found on the anterior vertebral column
What is the sympathetic trunk and where does it arise from?
Arises from T1 (first thoracic vertebra) -L2 (second lower lumbar vertebra). Fight or flight system – increases heart rate, increases breathing and takes away blood from the gut
